Question 1

Which of the following best describes a chemoheterotroph?

Accepted Answer

Uses organic compounds as both energy and carbon sources.

Question 2

A patient is infected with a bacterium that can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen, but grows better with oxygen. Which term best describes this organism?

Accepted Answer

Facultative anaerobe

Question 3

During which phase of the bacterial growth curve are cells most susceptible to antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Exponential (log) phase

Question 4

Which of the following statements about endospores is correct?

Accepted Answer

Endospores are the most resistant microbial form to destruction.

Question 5

A microbiologist wants to sterilize a solution that is heat-sensitive. Which method is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Filtration

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why antibiotics are generally ineffective against viral infections?

Accepted Answer

Viruses do not carry out metabolic processes targeted by antibiotics.

Question 7

A restaurant uses a chemical process to reduce microbial numbers on dishes to safe public health levels. This process is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Sanitization

Question 8

Which of the following drugs would be most appropriate to treat a fungal infection?

Accepted Answer

Azole

Question 9

A culture of Staphylococcus epidermidis is able to grow in 10% salt and at 37$$^\circC. $$Which terms best describe this organism?

Accepted Answer

Halophile, mesophile, facultative anaerobe

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct order of the bacterial growth curve phases?

Accepted Answer

Lag, exponential, stationary, death

Question 11

A scientist is testing a new disinfectant against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Pseudomonas is resistant to many detergents.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the action of a bacteriostatic agent?

Accepted Answer

Prevents bacteria from growing without killing them.

Question 13

Which of the following is a major reason why selective toxicity is more difficult to achieve for protozoan and helminth infections than for bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

Protozoa and helminths are eukaryotic and share more similarities with human cells.

Question 14

A new antibiotic is being tested and has a therapeutic index (TI) of 20. Another drug has a TI of 2. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

The drug with TI = 20 is safer.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of antibiotic resistance development?

Accepted Answer

Well-managed multi-drug therapy

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of an autoclave?

Accepted Answer

Uses moist heat under pressure to sterilize materials

Question 17

A microbe that grows best at refrigerator temperature (4$$^\circC) is $$classified as a:

Accepted Answer

Psychrophile

Question 18

Which of the following statements about alcohol as a disinfectant is correct?

Accepted Answer

70% alcohol is most effective for disinfection.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct match between a drug target and an example drug?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall synthesis — penicillin

Question 20

A scientist is studying a microbe that requires high levels of CO$$_2$$ for optimal growth. This organism is best classified as a:

Accepted Answer

Capnophile

Microbial Nutrition, Growth, Control, and Antimicrobial Treatment Study Guide

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