Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and are generally more complex than prokaryotic cells.

Question 2

A scientist discovers a unicellular organism with no nucleus and a cell wall that lacks peptidoglycan. Which group does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 3

Which of the following best explains how Pasteur’s S-neck flask experiment disproved spontaneous generation?

Accepted Answer

It demonstrated that microorganisms only grew in broth when exposed to air containing dust and microbes.

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct application of Koch’s postulates in identifying the cause of a new infectious disease?

Accepted Answer

Isolate the microbe from a diseased host, grow it in pure culture, introduce it into a healthy host to reproduce the disease, and re-isolate the same microbe.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes an autotroph?

Accepted Answer

An organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

Question 6

A patient presents with fatigue, high fever, vomiting, and internal bleeding. Which type of infection is most likely based on these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Hemorrhagic fever

Question 7

Which of the following is a unique feature of fungal cell walls compared to bacterial cell walls?

Accepted Answer

They are made of chitin.

Question 8

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates immunological memory?

Accepted Answer

A person is exposed to the same virus a second time and their immune system responds more rapidly and effectively.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains how deforestation in Liberia contributed to the outbreak of Lassa virus?

Accepted Answer

Deforestation destroyed rodent habitats, causing rodents to move closer to humans and contaminate food and water sources.

Question 10

Which of the following is true about viruses?

Accepted Answer

They are infectious agents that are not classified as cells.

Question 11

A researcher is studying a microbe that is unicellular, eukaryotic, and moves using flagella. Which group does this microbe most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Protozoa

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the cell wall composition of algae?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a heterotrophic, multicellular, eukaryotic organism?

Accepted Answer

Pinworm

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of vaccination as demonstrated by Jenner?

Accepted Answer

Exposing a person to a related but less dangerous microbe to induce immunity.

Question 15

Which of the following equations best represents the process of photosynthesis used by autotrophic algae?

Accepted Answer

$$6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a microbe with its scientific and common name?

Accepted Answer

Clostridioides difficile = C. diff

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A flexible barrier made of phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins that separates the inside and outside of the cell.

Question 18

A student is asked to identify a microbe that is eukaryotic, unicellular, and autotrophic. Which of the following is the best answer?

Accepted Answer

Phytoplankton

Question 19

Which of the following is a plausible reason why Koch’s postulates may not always be applicable in modern microbiology?

Accepted Answer

Some microbes cannot be grown in pure culture outside the host.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the nutritional mode of protozoans?

Accepted Answer

They can be either autotrophic or heterotrophic, using absorption or ingestion.

Microbiology Chapter 1 Review – Guided Study and Step-by-Step Support

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