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Microbiology Exam Study Guide: Immunity, Host-Microbe Interactions, and Diagnostic Methods

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Introduction to Immunity

Introduction to Innate Immunity

Introduction to First-Line Defenses

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Mucous Membrane

First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers

First-Line Defenses: Normal Microbiota

Phagoctytosis

Introduction to Inflammation

Steps of the Inflammatory Response

Interferon Response

Introduction to the Complement System

Activation Pathways of the Complement System

Effects of the Complement System

Review of the Complement System

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

Antigens

Introduction to T Lymphocytes

Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules

Activation of T Lymphocytes

Functions of T Lymphocytes

Review of Cytotoxic vs Helper T Cells

Introduction to B Lymphocytes

Antibodies

Classes of Antibodies

Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen

Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression

Introduction to Avoiding Host Defense Mechanisms

1) Hide Within Host Cells

2) Avoiding Phagocytosis

3) Surviving Inside Phagocytic Cells

4) Avoiding Complement System

5) Avoiding Antibodies

Viruses Evade the Immune Response

Characteristics of Infectious Disease

Stages of Infectious Disease Progression

Bacterial Pathogenesis

Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins

Exotoxins Cause Damage to the Host

Endotoxin Causes Damage to the Host

Exotoxins vs. Endotoxin Review

Introduction to Vaccines

Immunoassay: ELISA

Introduction to Microbial Genetics

Introduction to Mutations

Introduction to DNA Repair

DNA Repair Mechanisms