$$\text{Virulence} = \frac{\text{Severity of disease}}{\text{Number of infections}}$$

Question 1

Which type of disease transmission is best illustrated by the first image (raccoon with open mouth)?

Accepted Answer

Direct contact transmission (zoonotic bite)

Question 2

The second image (syringe) best represents which mode of disease transmission?

Accepted Answer

Parenteral transmission (indirect contact)

Question 3

The third image (pregnant woman) is most closely associated with which type of transmission?

Accepted Answer

Vertical transmission

Question 4

The fourth image (person sneezing) demonstrates which mode of transmission?

Accepted Answer

Airborne transmission

Question 5

The fifth image (cockroach) is an example of which type of vector?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical vector

Question 6

The sixth image (disease progression graph, highlighted at stage 3) most likely represents which stage of infectious disease?

Accepted Answer

Acute phase

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a pandemic?

Accepted Answer

A disease outbreak that spreads to more than one continent

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an endogenous source of infection?

Accepted Answer

A patient develops a urinary tract infection from their own gut flora

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of an opportunistic pathogen?

Accepted Answer

It only causes disease when the host is weakened

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the convalescent period of an infectious disease?

Accepted Answer

The patient recovers and pathogen is eliminated or becomes latent

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a sign, but a symptom?

Accepted Answer

Pain

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a communicable but not highly contagious disease?

Accepted Answer

Tuberculosis

Question 13

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between infectivity, pathogenicity, and virulence?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Virulence} = \frac{	ext{Severity of disease}}{	ext{Number of infections}}$$

Question 14

A patient is infected with a pathogen but does not develop any symptoms. This is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A subclinical or asymptomatic case

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a fomite?

Accepted Answer

A contaminated doorknob

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a reemerging pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A pathogen that was under control but is now resurfacing

Question 17

Which of the following is a nonliving reservoir for pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Soil

Question 18

Which of the following is most likely to occur if a patient prematurely stops taking antibiotics during the period of decline?

Accepted Answer

The infection may return

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of vehicle transmission?

Accepted Answer

Eating contaminated food

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the prodromal phase of an infectious disease?

Accepted Answer

Early, mild, nonspecific symptoms develop

Principles of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology: Transmission and Disease Progression

Study Guide - Practice Questions