Question 1

Which of the following bacteria is an obligate intracellular parasite transmitted by insect and tick bites and is known to cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

Accepted Answer

Rickettsia rickettsii

Question 2

A patient presents with a wound infection that produces bluish colonies with a grape-like odor and is highly resistant to antibiotics. Which bacterium is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 3

Which of the following bacteria is used in biotechnology to insert recombinant plasmids into plant cells and causes crown gall disease?

Accepted Answer

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Question 4

Which of the following equations best represents the process of oxygenic photosynthesis carried out by cyanobacteria?

Accepted Answer

$$2H_2O + CO_2$ \xrightarrow{light} (CH_2O) + H_2O + O_2$

Question 5

Which Gram-negative, curved bacillus is responsible for causing cholera and is commonly found in aquatic environments?

Accepted Answer

Vibrio cholerae

Question 6

A hospital outbreak of pneumonia is traced to a Gram-negative rod that is highly resistant to antibiotics and is a common respiratory pathogen. Which organism is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Acinetobacter baumannii

Question 7

Which of the following bacteria is known for its swarming motility, forming concentric rings on agar plates?

Accepted Answer

Proteus mirabilis

Question 8

Which bacterium is an obligate anaerobe, produces endospores, and is responsible for diseases such as tetanus and botulism?

Accepted Answer

Clostridium species

Question 9

A patient is diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease caused by a spirochete. Which organism is responsible?

Accepted Answer

Treponema pallidum

Question 10

Which of the following bacteria is acid-fast due to the presence of mycolic acids in its cell wall and is the causative agent of tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 11

Which bacterium is commonly used as an indicator of fecal contamination in water and is a frequent cause of urinary tract infections?

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli

Question 12

Which Gram-positive cocci, arranged in grape-like clusters, is often antibiotic resistant and produces enterotoxins causing food poisoning?

Accepted Answer

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 13

Which bacterium is responsible for the formation of dental caries and is classified as a non-beta-hemolytic streptococcus?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus mutans

Question 14

Which of the following bacteria is pleomorphic, lacks a cell wall, and causes a mild form of pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 15

Which genus of bacteria is known for producing most of the antibiotics used in medicine and is commonly isolated from soil?

Accepted Answer

Streptomyces

Question 16

A patient develops a severe respiratory infection after exposure to contaminated water in a cooling tower. Which bacterium is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Legionella pneumophila

Question 17

Which bacterium is a common cause of nosocomial infections and produces a distinctive red pigment?

Accepted Answer

Serratia marcescens

Question 18

Which of the following bacteria is associated with peptic ulcers and stomach cancer?

Accepted Answer

Helicobacter pylori

Question 19

Which bacterium is found in the mouth and large intestine, is anaerobic, and is a member of the Bacteroidetes phylum?

Accepted Answer

Bacteroides fragilis

Question 20

Which bacterium is the causative agent of plague and is transmitted via fleas?

Accepted Answer

Yersinia pestis

Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea – Structure, Classification, and Key Pathogens

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