Q: Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in dsDNA viruses during replication?

$\text{dsDNA} \rightarrow \text{mRNA} \rightarrow \text{protein}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main criterion for genome-based classification of viruses according to the Baltimore system?

Accepted Answer

The nature of the nucleic acids in the viral genome

Question 2

A virus with a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genome belongs to which Baltimore classification group?

Accepted Answer

Group V

Question 3

Which of the following viruses is correctly matched with its Baltimore classification group?

Accepted Answer

HIV – Group VI (ssRNA-RT)

Question 4

During the replication of dsDNA viruses such as bacteriophage T4, which enzyme is primarily responsible for synthesizing mRNA from the viral genome?

Accepted Answer

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Question 5

Which of the following best explains the process of rolling-circle replication in ssDNA viruses?

Accepted Answer

A circular DNA molecule is nicked, and the free 3' end is extended while the 5' end is displaced, producing multiple genome copies.

Question 6

Herpesviruses are known for their ability to cause latent infections. Which cell type is primarily involved in the latency of HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus)?

Accepted Answer

Neurons

Question 7

Which of the following is a key feature of the productive infection cycle of herpesviruses?

Accepted Answer

The host cell's metabolism is inhibited and the host's DNA is degraded, resulting in cell death.

Question 8

Which of the following viruses uses reverse transcriptase during its replication cycle?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B virus (Group VII)

Question 9

A patient presents with cold sores. Which virus is most likely responsible, and what is its genome type?

Accepted Answer

Herpes simplex virus; double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)

Question 10

Which of the following statements about concatemer formation in dsDNA viruses is correct?

Accepted Answer

Concatemers are long DNA molecules formed by linking several viral genomes together, which are then cut to appropriate lengths during packaging.

Question 11

Which of the following viruses is classified as a nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA virus?

Accepted Answer

Adenovirus

Question 12

In the Baltimore classification, which group includes viruses with partially double-stranded DNA genomes that use reverse transcription?

Accepted Answer

Group VII

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in dsDNA viruses during replication?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{dsDNA} ightarrow 	ext{mRNA} ightarrow 	ext{protein}$

Question 14

Which of the following viruses is associated with the development of certain cancers in humans?

Accepted Answer

Epstein-Barr virus (Herpesviridae)

Question 15

A virus is found to have a genome consisting of single-stranded DNA. Which replication strategy is most likely used by this virus?

Accepted Answer

Rolling-circle replication

Question 16

Which of the following viruses is correctly paired with its disease and genome type?

Accepted Answer

Parvovirus – Fifth Disease – ssDNA

Question 17

Which of the following is a hallmark of the Baltimore classification system?

Accepted Answer

Distinct mRNA transcription strategies for each virus group

Question 18

Which enzyme is required for the replication of the genome in Group VII viruses?

Accepted Answer

Reverse transcriptase

Question 19

A virus infects a cell and immediately begins transcribing early genes using the host's RNA polymerase. Which virus is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Bacteriophage T4 (dsDNA virus)

Question 20

Which of the following viruses is most likely to produce concatemers during genome replication?

Accepted Answer

Herpes simplex virus (dsDNA)

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