Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of the human microbiome in maintaining health?

Accepted Answer

It helps maintain good health by preventing the growth of pathogenic microbes and aiding the immune system.

Question 2

According to Linnaeus's system of scientific nomenclature, which of the following is the correct way to write the name of the bacterium that causes staph infections?

Accepted Answer

$Staphylococcus aureus$

Question 3

Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They lack a membrane-bound nucleus and reproduce by binary fission.

Question 4

Which group of microorganisms is known for living in extreme environments such as high salt or high temperature?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 5

A scientist discovers a unicellular organism with a peptidoglycan cell wall, no nucleus, and reproduces by binary fission. Which group does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct application of Koch's postulates?

Accepted Answer

The pathogen must be isolated from a diseased host and grown in pure culture.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why viruses are not considered living organisms?

Accepted Answer

They require a living host cell to reproduce and lack cellular structure.

Question 8

Which of the following historical experiments provided strong evidence against the theory of spontaneous generation?

Accepted Answer

Redi's experiment with meat and flies

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of biotechnology using recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Inserting human insulin gene into bacteria to produce insulin

Question 10

Which of the following statements about antibiotics is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are chemicals produced by bacteria and fungi that inhibit the growth of other microbes.

Question 11

A patient is diagnosed with a disease caused by a helminth. Which of the following best describes the organism responsible?

Accepted Answer

A multicellular animal parasite with microscopic stages in its life cycle

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of microbes in the environment that benefits human welfare?

Accepted Answer

They convert elements like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus into forms usable by plants and animals.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between transient microbiota and normal microbiota?

Accepted Answer

Normal microbiota colonize the body indefinitely, while transient microbiota are present only for a short time.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a real-world application of microbial control in agriculture?

Accepted Answer

Using bacteria that produce toxins fatal to insects but harmless to animals and crops

Question 15

Which of the following best explains the significance of Jenner's work with cowpox and smallpox?

Accepted Answer

He developed the first vaccine, demonstrating immunity could be induced by exposure to a related, less dangerous virus.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of viruses?

Accepted Answer

They consist of a DNA or RNA core surrounded by a protein coat, and may have a lipid envelope.

Question 17

A researcher is studying a microorganism that moves using cilia, ingests organic chemicals, and lacks a cell wall. Which group does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Protozoa

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of pasteurization developed by Louis Pasteur?

Accepted Answer

Heating a liquid to a specific temperature to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the liquid's composition

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct match between a field of microbiology and its focus?

Accepted Answer

Bacteriology: study of bacteria

Question 20

A hospital is experiencing an outbreak of a bacterial infection resistant to multiple antibiotics. Which of the following best explains the significance of this situation?

Accepted Answer

It highlights the problem of microbial resistance and the need for new antimicrobial strategies.

The Microbial World and You – Chapter 1 Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards