Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for the total number of viral particles produced if each infected cell produces $2 \times 10^3$ virions and there are $5 \times 10^6$ infected cells?

$2 \times 10^3 \times 5 \times 10^6$

Question 1

Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes viruses from bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Viruses are acellular and lack ribosomes, while bacteria are cellular and possess ribosomes.

Question 2

A virus is described as an 'obligate intracellular parasite.' What does this mean in terms of its replication?

Accepted Answer

It requires a living host cell to multiply.

Question 3

Which component of a virus is responsible for protecting its nucleic acid and aiding in host cell attachment?

Accepted Answer

Capsid

Question 4

Given the following viral structure: a hollow, cylindrical capsid, which viral morphology does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Helical virus

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why viruses do not have an ATP-generating mechanism?

Accepted Answer

They lack mitochondria and other cellular organelles.

Question 6

A bacteriophage infects only bacterial cells. What determines its host specificity?

Accepted Answer

Specific attachment sites on the bacterial cell surface

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the genetic material of viruses?

Accepted Answer

A virus contains either DNA or RNA, but never both.

Question 8

Which viral structure is composed of protein subunits called capsomeres?

Accepted Answer

Capsid

Question 9

A virus with a lipid envelope is generally more susceptible to which of the following environmental conditions?

Accepted Answer

Desiccation and detergents

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of viruses?

Accepted Answer

Contains both DNA and RNA

Question 11

A prion is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A proteinaceous infectious particle lacking nucleic acid

Question 12

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for the total number of viral particles produced if each infected cell produces $2 	imes 10^3$ virions and there are $5 	imes 10^6$ infected cells?

Accepted Answer

$2 	imes 10^3 	imes 5 	imes 10^6$

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about viroids?

Accepted Answer

Viroids are short pieces of naked RNA that infect plants.

Question 14

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of prion accumulation in brain cells?

Accepted Answer

Development of neurodegenerative diseases

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of viral maturation?

Accepted Answer

Assembly of phage particles

Question 16

A persistent viral infection is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Gradual development of disease over a long period

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE about the host range of viruses?

Accepted Answer

Most viruses infect only specific types of cells in one host.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of a complex virus?

Accepted Answer

A virus with complicated structures, such as bacteriophages

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of a disease caused by prions?

Accepted Answer

Scrapie in sheep

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a method by which prions can be transmitted?

Accepted Answer

Transmission by naked RNA

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Structure, Characteristics, and Comparison with Bacteria

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