Q: Which equation best represents the burst size in a one-step viral growth curve?

$$ \text{Burst Size} = \frac{\text{Total number of released virions}}{\text{Number of infected cells}} $$

Question 1

Which of the following best distinguishes a virus from a bacterium?

Accepted Answer

Viruses are obligatory intracellular parasites and lack ribosomes, while bacteria can reproduce independently and possess ribosomes.

Question 2

A virus is described as having a host range. What does 'host range' refer to?

Accepted Answer

The spectrum of host cells a virus can infect.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about viral structure is correct?

Accepted Answer

A virion is a complete, fully developed infectious viral particle.

Question 4

Which equation best represents the burst size in a one-step viral growth curve?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Burst Size} = \frac{	ext{Total number of released virions}}{	ext{Number of infected cells}} $$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a method used to culture animal viruses?

Accepted Answer

On nutrient agar plates

Question 6

What is the main difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycles of bacteriophage replication?

Accepted Answer

The lytic cycle results in host cell lysis and death, while the lysogenic cycle involves integration of phage DNA as a prophage without immediate lysis.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct example of viral taxonomy?

Accepted Answer

Family: Herpesviridae, Genus: Herpesvirus, Species: Human herpesvirus 2

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a prion?

Accepted Answer

An infectious protein that causes neurodegenerative diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Question 9

Which of the following is a real-world example of a persistent viral infection?

Accepted Answer

HIV/AIDS

Question 10

Which antiviral drug class is specifically designed to inhibit the integration of viral DNA into the host genome?

Accepted Answer

Integrase inhibitors

Question 11

Which of the following statements about viroids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Viroids are short pieces of naked RNA that infect plants.

Question 12

Which step in animal virus multiplication is unique compared to bacteriophage multiplication?

Accepted Answer

Entry by endocytosis or fusion

Question 13

A patient presents with symptoms of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis years after a measles infection. This is an example of which type of viral infection?

Accepted Answer

Persistent infection

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of interferons in antiviral defense?

Accepted Answer

Stimulating neighboring cells to produce antiviral proteins

Question 15

Which morphological type of virus is described as 'many-sided'?

Accepted Answer

Polyhedral virus

Question 16

Which process allows a bacteriophage to transfer specific bacterial genes to another bacterium?

Accepted Answer

Specialized transduction

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the genetic material of viruses?

Accepted Answer

Viruses contain either DNA or RNA, but never both.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why viruses cannot be cultured on nutrient agar plates?

Accepted Answer

Viruses require living host cells for replication.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of an oncogenic virus?

Accepted Answer

A virus that can induce transformation and lead to cancer development.

Question 20

A scientist observes plaques on a bacterial lawn after adding a bacteriophage. What does each plaque represent?

Accepted Answer

A region where bacteria have been lysed by viral infection

Viruses, Viroids, Prions, and Antiviral Drugs: Microbiology Study Notes

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