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Problem 11.4a
NAME IT These organisms are important in sewage treatment and can produce a fuel used for home heating and for generating electricity.
Problem 12.1a
How many phyla are represented in the following list of organisms: Echinococcus, Cyclospora, Aspergillus, Taenia, Toxoplasma, Trichinella?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
Problem 12.2a
Use the following choices to answer questions 2 and 3:
1. metacercaria
2. redia
3. adult
4. miracidium
5. cercaria
Put the preceding stages in order of development, beginning with the egg.
a. 5, 4, 1, 2, 3
b. 4, 2, 5, 1, 3
c. 2, 5, 4, 3, 1
d. 3, 4, 5, 1, 2
e. 2, 4, 5, 1, 3
Problem 12.5a
Which of the following statements about yeasts are true?
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Problem 12.6a
Which of the following events follows cell fusion in an ascomycete?
a. conidiophore formation
b. conidiospore germination
c. ascus opening
d. ascospore formation
e. conidiospore release
Problem 12.9a
Most roundworms are dioecious. What does this term mean? To what phylum do roundworms belong?
Problem 15.4a
All of the following are related to bacterial infection. Which would prevent all of the others?
a. vaccination against fimbriae
b. phagocytosis
c. inhibition of phagocytic digestion
d. destruction of adhesins
e. alteration of cytoskeleton
Problem 22.10a
Use the following choices to answer questions 9 and 10:
a. Cryptococcus
b. Haemophilus
c. Listeria
d. Naegleria
e. Neisseria
Microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid from a person who washes windows on a building in a large city reveals ovoid cells.
Problem 22.9a
Use the following choices to answer questions 9 and 10:
a. Cryptococcus
b. Haemophilus
c. Listeria
d. Naegleria
e. Neisseria
Microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid reveals gram-positive rods.
Problem 23.1a
Show the path of Streptococcus from a focal infection to the pericardium. Identify the portals of entry for T. cruzi, Orthohantavirus, and Cytomegalovirus.
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Problem 23.2a
Complete the following table. <IMAGE>
Problem 24.5a
Under what conditions can the saprophytes Aspergillus and Rhizopus cause infections?
Problem 25.1a
Complete the following table:
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Problem 25.10a
NAME IT Cysts of this flagellated organism survive in water; when ingested, the trophozoite grows in the intestine, causing diarrhea.
Problem 25.1a
All of the following can be transmitted by recreational (i.e., swimming) water sources except
a. amebic dysentery.
b. cholera.
c. giardiasis.
d. hepatitis B.
e. salmonellosis.
Problem 25.10a
Use the following choices to answer questions 7–10:
a. Campylobacter
b. Cryptosporidium
c. Escherichia
d. Salmonella
e. Trichinella
This microbe is frequently transmitted to humans via raw eggs.
Problem 25.2a
Complete the following table:
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Problem 25.3a
DRAW IT Identify the site colonized by the following organisms: E. granulosus, E. vermicularis, Giardia, H. pylori, hepatitis B virus, mumps virus, Rotavirus, Salmonella, Shigella, Streptococcus mutans, Trichinella spiralis, Trichuris.
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Problem 25.3a
Isolation of E. coli from a stool sample is diagnostic proof that the patient has
a. cholera.
b. E. coli gastroenteritis.
c. salmonellosis.
d. typhoid fever.
e. none of the above
Problem 25.4a
Gastric ulcers are caused by
a. stomach acid.
b. H. pylori.
c. spicy food.
d. acidic food.
e. stress.
Problem 25.5a
Microscopic examination of a patient’s fecal culture shows comma-shaped bacteria. These bacteria require 2-4% NaCl to grow. The bacteria probably belong to the genus
a. Campylobacter.
b. Escherichia.
c. Salmonella.
d. Shigella.
e. Vibrio.
Problem 25.6a
Explain how the following diseases differ and how they are similar: giardiasis, amebic dysentery, cyclosporiasis, and cryptosporidiosis.
Problem 25.6a
A cholera epidemic in Peru had all of the following characteristics. Which one led to the others?
a. eating raw fish
b. sewage contamination of water
c. catching fish in contaminated water
d. Vibrio in fish intestine
e. including fish intestines with edibles
Problem 25.7a
Use the following choices to answer questions 7–10:
a. Campylobacter
b. Cryptosporidium
c. Escherichia
d. Salmonella
e. Trichinella
Identification is based on the observation of oocysts in feces.
Problem 25.8a
Use the following choices to answer questions 7–10:
a. Campylobacter
b. Cryptosporidium
c. Escherichia
d. Salmonella
e. Trichinella
A characteristic disease symptom caused by this microorganism is swelling around the eyes.
Problem 25.9a
Look at life cycle diagrams for human tapeworm and trichinellosis. Indicate stages in the life cycles that could be easily broken to prevent these diseases.
Problem 25.9a
Use the following choices to answer questions 7–10:
a. Campylobacter
b. Cryptosporidium
c. Escherichia
d. Salmonella
e. Trichinella
Microscopic observation of a stool sample reveals gram-negative helical cells.
Problem 26.2a
Use the following choices to answer questions 2–5:
a. Candida
b. Chlamydia
c. Gardnerella
d. Neisseria
e. Trichomonas
Microscopic examination of vaginal smear shows flagellated eukaryotes.
Problem 27.10a
Coliforms are used as indicator organisms of sewage pollution because
a. they are pathogens.
b. they ferment lactose.
c. they are abundant in human intestines.
d. they grow within 48 hours.
e. all of the above
Problem 27.2a
Give one possible explanation of why Penicillium would make penicillin, given that the fungus does not get bacterial infections.