Design a concise, evidence-based two-item intervention plan (dietary + lifestyle) to optimize calcium-related bone health for a postmenopausal woman who is lactose intolerant. Which two measures would you prioritize and why?

• A. Suggest very high-dose calcium supplementation (≥2500 mg/day) to overcome lactose intolerance and rely on bed rest to reduce fracture risk
• B. Advise complete avoidance of any calcium-containing foods and recommend high-intensity interval training only, because exercise alone will substitute for calcium in bone formation
• C. Encourage increased sodium intake to promote urinary calcium excretion and therefore stimulate bone remodeling for denser bones
• D. Recommend vitamin D supplementation to improve intestinal calcium absorption and encourage non-dairy calcium sources such as canned salmon with bones or calcium-fortified plant milks; this addresses both absorption (vitamin D) and adequate intake from tolerated foods to support hydroxyapatite formation

Answer: (D)