Question 1

Which of the following best explains why fructose consumption may lead to increased calorie intake compared to glucose?

Accepted Answer

Fructose is absorbed farther down the small intestine and does not stimulate insulin release, reducing satiety signals.

Question 2

What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for carbohydrates for adults, and what is its primary purpose?

Accepted Answer

$$130\ \mathrm{g}$$ per day; to supply adequate glucose to the brain

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a major source of added sugars in the U.S. diet?

Accepted Answer

Whole grain bread

Question 4

Why is honey not considered a more healthful choice than table sugar?

Accepted Answer

Honey and table sugar both contain glucose and fructose and have similar nutrient content.

Question 5

Which of the following behaviors increases the risk for dental caries due to sugar consumption?

Accepted Answer

Eating sticky foods that adhere to teeth and slowly sipping sweetened beverages

Question 6

What is the Adequate Intake (AI) for dietary fiber for adult males and females?

Accepted Answer

$$14\ \mathrm{g}$$ per $$1,000\ \mathrm{kcal}$$ for both; $$25\ \mathrm{g}$$ for females, $$38\ \mathrm{g}$$ for males

Question 7

Which part of a whole grain is richest in fiber and most vitamins and minerals?

Accepted Answer

Bran

Question 8

Which of the following is a potential negative effect of consuming excessive dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Impaired absorption of minerals such as iron and zinc

Question 9

Which of the following statements about sugar alcohols is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They provide 2–3 kcal per gram and have a decreased glycemic response.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which chronic hyperglycemia damages body tissues in diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Glucose attaches to body proteins, causing damage and dysfunction in blood vessels.

Question 11

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

It is an autoimmune disease where the body does not produce enough insulin.

Question 12

Which of the following is a key risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Obesity and physical inactivity

Question 13

Which of the following lifestyle choices can help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Engaging in regular physical activity and choosing whole grains

Question 14

Which of the following statements about non-nutritive sweeteners is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They provide little or no energy and are considered safe in moderation by health agencies.

Question 15

A patient presents with normal body weight, progressive loss of pancreatic function, and is diagnosed with diabetes in adulthood. Which type of diabetes is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA)

Question 16

Which of the following equations correctly represents the composition of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Sucrose} = 	ext{Glucose} + 	ext{Fructose}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$45\%$$–$$65\% of $$daily Calorie intake

Question 18

Which of the following is a microvascular complication of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Kidney damage (nephropathy)

Question 19

A food label lists sugar as one of the first three ingredients. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

The food is likely high in added sugars and should be limited.

Question 20

Which of the following foods is highest in dietary fiber per serving?

Accepted Answer

Navy beans

Carbohydrates, Fiber, Sweeteners, and Diabetes: Nutrition Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards