Q: If a person consumes 2,000 kcal per day, what is the range of protein intake (in grams) recommended by the AMDR (10–35% of total kcal)? (Protein provides 4 kcal/g)

$$50 \text{ g} - 175 \text{ g}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why proteins differ structurally from carbohydrates and lipids?

Accepted Answer

Proteins contain nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur, in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Question 2

A peptide bond forms between two amino acids through which type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

Condensation

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a complete protein?

Accepted Answer

A protein that contains all nine essential amino acids in sufficient amounts.

Question 4

A patient is recovering from surgery and is in positive nitrogen balance. What does this indicate about their protein metabolism?

Accepted Answer

They are retaining more nitrogen than they are excreting, supporting tissue growth and repair.

Question 5

Calculate the recommended daily protein intake for a healthy adult weighing 70 kg, using the RDA formula. $$	ext{RDA} = 0.8 \ 	ext{g/kg/day}$$

Accepted Answer

$$56 \ 	ext{g/day}$$

Question 6

Which process describes the removal of an amine group from an amino acid, resulting in the production of ammonia?

Accepted Answer

Deamination

Question 7

A vegetarian is concerned about getting enough protein. Which strategy would best help them meet their essential amino acid needs?

Accepted Answer

Combining complementary plant proteins, such as beans and rice, to provide all essential amino acids.

Question 8

Which of the following is a potential health risk associated with excessive protein intake?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of osteoporosis if calcium intake is low.

Question 9

During protein digestion, which enzyme is responsible for breaking polypeptides into shorter chains in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process of transamination?

Accepted Answer

The transfer of an amine group from one amino acid to a keto acid to form a new nonessential amino acid.

Question 11

A child presents with edema, a distended abdomen, and brittle hair. Which type of protein-energy malnutrition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Serving as the primary storage form of energy in adipose tissue

Question 13

Which of the following food combinations provides complementary proteins?

Accepted Answer

Peanut butter on whole wheat bread

Question 14

Which step in protein synthesis involves the creation of messenger RNA (mRNA) from DNA?

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Question 15

A diet high in animal protein and low in carbohydrates can increase the risk of which condition due to lower urine pH?

Accepted Answer

Kidney stones

Question 16

Which of the following nutrients is most likely to be deficient in a poorly planned vegan diet?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 17

If a person consumes 2,000 kcal per day, what is the range of protein intake (in grams) recommended by the AMDR (10–35% of total kcal)? (Protein provides 4 kcal/g)

Accepted Answer

$$50 	ext{ g} - 175 	ext{ g}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why denaturation of a protein can affect its function?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation alters the protein's shape, which is critical for its function.

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of marasmus?

Accepted Answer

Frail, emaciated appearance with little muscle or fat

Question 20

Which of the following statements about protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is correct?

Accepted Answer

Marasmus is characterized by severe wasting of body fat and muscle.

Proteins: Structure, Function, Digestion, and Dietary Importance

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards