Question 1

According to Newton's Universal Law of Gravity, what happens to the gravitational force between two objects if the distance between them is doubled?

Accepted Answer

The force becomes one-fourth as great.

Question 2

Which of the following best explains why ocean tides occur on Earth?

Accepted Answer

The gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun.

Question 3

A satellite is in a stable circular orbit around Earth. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Its velocity is perpendicular to the force of gravity.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the weight $$W of an $$object of mass $$m at $$the Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

$$W = mg$$

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct application of Pascal's Principle?

Accepted Answer

A change in pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid.

Question 6

A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure. If the height of the mercury column is $$h$$, which equation gives the atmospheric pressure $$P$$?

Accepted Answer

$$P = \rho gh$$

Question 7

According to the equation of continuity for fluids, if the cross-sectional area of a pipe decreases, what happens to the speed of the fluid (assuming incompressible flow)?

Accepted Answer

The speed increases.

Question 8

Bernoulli's equation can be used to explain which of the following real-world phenomena?

Accepted Answer

Why airplanes generate lift.

Question 9

A projectile is launched horizontally from a cliff. Neglecting air resistance, what is the shape of its trajectory?

Accepted Answer

A parabola.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between solids, liquids, and gases?

Accepted Answer

Solids have fixed shape and volume; liquids have fixed volume but variable shape; gases have variable shape and volume.

Question 11

If the atmospheric pressure is $$1.01 	imes 10^5$ Pa and the density of mercury is 13$$,600 \ \mathrm{$$kg/m^3$$}$$, what is the height h$ of a mercury column in a barometer?

Accepted Answer

$$h = 0.76 \ \mathrm{m}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about elliptical orbits?

Accepted Answer

The speed of the satellite is constant throughout the orbit.

Question 13

A fluid is moving through a pipe that narrows. According to Bernoulli's equation, what happens to the pressure in the narrow section?

Accepted Answer

The pressure decreases.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the principle behind a hydraulic lift?

Accepted Answer

A small force applied over a small area can lift a large weight over a large area due to constant pressure.

Question 15

If a gas in a closed container is heated, what happens to its pressure (assuming constant volume)?

Accepted Answer

The pressure increases.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about atmospheric pressure?

Accepted Answer

It is caused by the weight of the atmosphere above a given point.

Question 17

A projectile is launched at an angle of $$45^\circ$$ with respect to the horizontal. Neglecting air resistance, what is the shape of its trajectory?

Accepted Answer

A parabola.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the equation of continuity for fluids?

Accepted Answer

$$A_1$$ $$v_1$$ = $$A_2$$ $$v_2$$, where $$A is $$area and $$v is $$velocity.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why atmospheric molecules do not fly off into outer space?

Accepted Answer

Earth's gravity.

Gravity, Fluids, and Heat: Key Concepts and Problem Examples

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