Q: A $$5\ \mathrm{kg}$$ mass is lifted to a height of $$10\ \mathrm{m}. $$What is the gravitational potential energy gained by the mass? (Use $$g = 9.8\ \mathrm{m/s^2$})$$

$$U = mgh = 5 \times 9.8 \times 10 = 490\ \mathrm{J}$$

Q: A $$1.0\ \mathrm{kg}$$ sample of water is heated from $$20^\circ\mathrm{C} to$$ $$100^\circ\mathrm{C}. If $$the specific heat of water is $$4186\ \mathrm{J/(kg \cdot ^\circ C)}$$, how much heat is required?

$$Q = mc\Delta T = 1.0 \times 4186 \times (100 - 20) = 334,880\ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between velocity and acceleration?

Accepted Answer

Velocity is the rate of change of displacement, while acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.

Question 2

A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a velocity of $$20\ \mathrm{m/s} in$$ $$5\ \mathrm{s}. $$What is the acceleration of the car?

Accepted Answer

$$a = \frac{20\ \mathrm{m/s}}{5\ \mathrm{s}} = 4\ \mathrm{m/s^2$}$$

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly expresses Newton's Second Law of Motion?

Accepted Answer

$$F = m a$$

Question 4

A $$2\ \mathrm{kg}$$ object is acted on by a net force of $$10\ \mathrm{N}. $$What is its acceleration?

Accepted Answer

$$a = \frac{F}{m} = \frac{10\ \mathrm{N}}{2\ \mathrm{kg}} = 5\ \mathrm{m/s^2$}$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about energy conservation is correct?

Accepted Answer

The total energy in a closed system remains constant, though it can change forms.

Question 6

A $$5\ \mathrm{kg}$$ mass is lifted to a height of $$10\ \mathrm{m}. $$What is the gravitational potential energy gained by the mass? (Use $$g = 9.8\ \mathrm{m/s^2$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$U = mgh = 5 	imes 9.8 	imes 10 = 490\ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 7

Which law explains why hydraulic lifts can multiply force?

Accepted Answer

Pascal's Principle

Question 8

A block floats in water with half its volume submerged. What can you conclude about the block's density?

Accepted Answer

The block's density is half the density of water.

Question 9

Which equation represents the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

$$PV = nRT$$

Question 10

A $$1.0\ \mathrm{kg}$$ sample of water is heated from $$20^\circ\mathrm{C} to$$ $$100^\circ\mathrm{C}. If $$the specific heat of water is $$4186\ \mathrm{J/(kg \cdot ^\circ C)}$$, how much heat is required?

Accepted Answer

$$Q = mc\Delta T = 1.0 	imes 4186 	imes (100 - 20) = 334,880\ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

The entropy of an isolated system never decreases.

Question 12

Which of the following is a practical application of Bernoulli's Principle?

Accepted Answer

Airplane wings generating lift

Question 13

A $$10\ \Omega$$ resistor is connected to a $$20\ \mathrm{V}$$ battery. What is the current through the resistor?

Accepted Answer

$$I = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{20}{10} = 2\ \mathrm{A}$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the Doppler Effect?

Accepted Answer

A change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the source of the wave.

Question 15

Which property of waves explains why noise-canceling headphones work?

Accepted Answer

Superposition and interference

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the electromagnetic spectrum?

Accepted Answer

It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Question 17

Which equation correctly expresses Ohm's Law?

Accepted Answer

$$V = IR$$

Question 18

A $$60\ \mathrm{W}$$ light bulb operates on a $$120\ \mathrm{V}$$ circuit. What is the current through the bulb?

Accepted Answer

$$I = \frac{P}{V} = \frac{60}{120} = 0.5\ \mathrm{A}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the quantum nature of light?

Accepted Answer

Light exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties.

PHY 106 Fundamentals of Physics – Syllabus and Course Structure Study Guide

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