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Cognitive Psychology quiz #9 Flashcards

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Cognitive Psychology quiz #9
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  • What is the difference between the availability and representative heuristic?
    The availability heuristic relies on how easily examples come to mind, while the representative heuristic relies on similarity to a prototype.
  • What is a primary goal of cognitive therapists?
    A primary goal is to help clients identify and change maladaptive thought patterns.
  • What term best describes mental shortcuts?
    Heuristics best describes mental shortcuts.
  • How does a consequence affect a person's behavior?
    Consequences can reinforce or discourage certain behaviors.
  • What is true of cognitive psychology?
    Cognitive psychology is a major field that studies mental processes scientifically.
  • If cognitive theories of panic disorder are correct, how can you treat panic disorder?
    Treatment would focus on changing maladaptive thought patterns related to panic.
  • What is a major advantage of the implicit associations test (IAT)?
    The IAT can reveal unconscious biases that individuals may not be aware of.
  • What is the cognitive bias known as reason by analogy?
    It is the tendency to make judgments based on similarities to previous situations.
  • Which therapy emphasizes challenging irrational, unrealistic beliefs?
    Cognitive-behavioral therapy emphasizes challenging irrational beliefs.
  • Which task requires the skills of the central executive?
    Tasks that involve planning, decision making, and attention require the central executive.
  • How can information overload be reduced?
    Information overload can be reduced by organizing information and focusing on key points.
  • Who would the inner defender be least likely to blame for problems?
    The inner defender would be least likely to blame oneself.
  • What is a heuristic allowing people to make quick judgments using little information called?
    It is called a heuristic or mental shortcut.
  • What is a cognitive process that enables us to interpret and understand our surroundings?
    Perception is the cognitive process that enables interpretation of surroundings.
  • When does an anchoring bias occur?
    Anchoring bias occurs when people rely too heavily on the first piece of information encountered.
  • What is it called when someone restates in their own words the crux of what they heard?
    It is called paraphrasing or summarizing.
  • What is a heuristic allowing people to make quick judgments using little information called?
    It is called a heuristic or mental shortcut.
  • Does using 'I statements' mean saying whatever you want as long as you start with 'I'?
    No, 'I statements' are used to express feelings and needs respectfully, not to justify any statement.
  • What is the remedy for motivated blindness?
    The remedy is to increase self-awareness and accountability.
  • What is considered subjective information?
    Subjective information is based on personal opinions, feelings, and interpretations.
  • What does cognitive psychology focus on studying?
    Cognitive psychology focuses on studying mental processes such as perception, memory, attention, language, and problem-solving.
  • Which mental processes are central to cognitive psychology?
    Central mental processes in cognitive psychology include perception, memory, attention, language, and problem-solving.
  • What is the main focus of the cognitive perspective in psychology?
    The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on understanding how people perceive, think, remember, and solve problems.
  • What types of questions do cognitive psychologists seek to answer?
    Cognitive psychologists seek to answer questions about how humans perceive, think, remember, and solve problems.
  • Cognition is generally thought to be governed by what?
    Cognition is generally thought to be governed by information processing in the mind, similar to how computers process information.
  • Which psychologist is considered a founder of cognitive theory?
    Ulrich Neisser is considered a founder of cognitive theory, along with George A. Miller and Noam Chomsky.
  • What do cognitive psychologists study?
    Cognitive psychologists study mental processes such as perception, memory, attention, language, and problem-solving.
  • Who are key figures associated with the development of cognitive psychology?
    Key figures associated with cognitive psychology include Ulrich Neisser, George A. Miller, and Noam Chomsky.
  • What is the cognitive perspective in psychology?
    The cognitive perspective in psychology is an approach that emphasizes the study of mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving.
  • Who is often called the father of cognitive psychology?
    Ulrich Neisser is often called the father of cognitive psychology.
  • How does the cognitive perspective in psychology explain human behavior?
    The cognitive perspective explains human behavior by focusing on how people process information, perceive, think, remember, and solve problems.
  • Are cognition and learning the same thing?
    No, cognition and learning are not the same thing; cognition refers to mental processes like thinking and memory, while learning refers to acquiring new knowledge or skills.
  • What is the difference between cognition and learning?
    Cognition involves mental processes such as thinking, memory, and problem-solving, while learning is the process of acquiring new knowledge or skills.
  • What are some examples of cognitive processes?
    Examples of cognitive processes include perception, attention, memory, language, and problem-solving.
  • Which type of psychologist emphasizes cognitive processes in their research?
    A cognitive psychologist emphasizes cognitive processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving in their research.