Question 1

Which of the following best describes the purpose of inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

To use sample data to make inferences or conclusions about a population.

Question 2

A hypothesis test is used to:

Accepted Answer

Test a claim or hypothesis about a population parameter.

Question 3

In hypothesis testing, the null hypothesis $$H_0$$ always:

Accepted Answer

Contains an equality symbol.

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct symbolic form for testing the claim that the mean body temperature is equal to 98.6°F?

Accepted Answer

$$H_0$$: \mu = 98.6$$

Question 5

If the original claim does NOT include equality and you reject $$H_0$$, what is the correct conclusion?

Accepted Answer

There is sufficient evidence to support the claim.

Question 6

A business claims that a majority of adults prefer window seats when they fly. Which hypothesis test should be used?

Accepted Answer

Test for a population proportion

Question 7

Given a significance level $$\alpha = 0.05$$ and a p-value of $$0.03$$, what should you conclude?

Accepted Answer

Reject the null hypothesis.

Question 8

Which calculator function is appropriate for testing a claim about a population mean when the population standard deviation $$\sigma is $$unknown?

Accepted Answer

STAT/TEST 2:T-Test

Question 9

A researcher wants to test if the mean weight of discarded plastic from households is greater than 1.800 lb. Which type of test is this?

Accepted Answer

Right-tailed test

Question 10

What is the formula for the test statistic $$z$$ for a population proportion?

Accepted Answer

$$z = \frac{\hat{p} - p}{\sqrt{\frac{p(1-p)}{n}}}$$

Question 11

In a two-tailed hypothesis test, which sign is used in the alternative hypothesis $$H_1$$?

Accepted Answer

$$
eq$$

Question 12

If you are testing the claim that the proportion of deaths before Thanksgiving is less than 0.5, which is the correct null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

$$H_0$$: p = 0.5$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the significance level $$\alpha is $$TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A smaller $$\alpha is $$preferred when the consequences of rejecting the null hypothesis are severe.

Question 14

A sample of 100 M&Ms contains 8% brown candies. The Mars company claims the percentage is 13%. What is the correct alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

$$H_1$$: p 
eq 0.13$$

Question 15

Which formula is used to calculate the test statistic $$t$$ for a sample mean when $$\sigma is $$unknown?

Accepted Answer

$$t = \frac{\bar{x} - \mu}{\frac{s}{\sqrt{n}}}$$

Question 16

In a hypothesis test, what does the 'reject region' represent?

Accepted Answer

The area where the test statistic falls if the null hypothesis is rejected.

Question 17

A flight operations manager claims the mean departure delay time is less than 12.0 min. If the sample mean is 10.5 min, standard deviation is 30.8 min, and $$n = 48$$, which test should be used?

Accepted Answer

Z-Test for mean with known $$\sigma$$

Question 18

If the p-value is greater than the significance level $$\alpha$$, what is the correct decision?

Accepted Answer

Fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a step in conducting a hypothesis test?

Accepted Answer

Calculate the population parameter directly from the sample.

Question 20

A sample of 10 supermodels has a mean height greater than the general population mean of 63.8 inches. Which hypothesis test is appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Right-tailed t-test for mean with unknown $$\sigma$$

Chapter 8: Hypothesis Testing in Statistics – Concepts, Methods, and Applications

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