Question 1

Which of the following best describes the purpose of hypothesis testing in statistics?

Accepted Answer

To test a claim or hypothesis about a population parameter using sample data.

Question 2

A researcher claims that the average body temperature of adults is different from 98.6°F. Which of the following is the correct null hypothesis ($$H_0) $$for this test?

Accepted Answer

$$H_0$$: \mu = 98.6$$

Question 3

In a hypothesis test, what does the significance level $$\alpha$$ represent?

Accepted Answer

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.

Question 4

A poll finds that 492 out of 806 adults prefer window seats on airplanes. Test the claim at $$\alpha = 0.01$$ that the majority of adults prefer window seats. What is the correct symbolic form of the alternative hypothesis ($$H_1$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$H_1$$: p \u003e 0.5$$

Question 5

Which calculator function should you use to test a claim about a population mean when the population standard deviation $$\sigma is $$unknown?

Accepted Answer

2:T-Test

Question 6

If the P-value for a hypothesis test is 0.03 and $$\alpha = 0.05$$, what is the correct decision?

Accepted Answer

Reject the null hypothesis.

Question 7

A business claims that more than half of its customers are repeat buyers. Which of the following is the correct null hypothesis ($$H_0) $$for this claim?

Accepted Answer

$$H_0$$: p = 0.5$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a Type I error in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

Rejecting a true null hypothesis.

Question 9

A sample of 106 body temperatures has a mean of 98.2°F and a standard deviation of 0.62°F. Test the claim at $$\alpha = 0.05$$ that the population mean is 98.6°F. Which test statistic should be used?

Accepted Answer

$$t = \frac{\bar{x} - \mu}{s / \sqrt{n}}$$

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios requires a two-tailed test?

Accepted Answer

Testing if the mean is different from a specific value.

Question 11

In the context of hypothesis testing, what does the 'critical value' represent?

Accepted Answer

The threshold value that separates the rejection region from the non-rejection region.

Question 12

A sample of 100 M&Ms contains 8% brown candies. The company claims the percentage is 13%. What is the correct alternative hypothesis ($$H_1) $$for testing if the percentage is different from 13%?

Accepted Answer

$$H_1$$: p 
eq 0.13$$

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct formula for the test statistic in a one-sample z-test for proportions?

Accepted Answer

$$z = \frac{p - p_0$}{\sqrt{p_0$(1-p_0$)/n}}$$

Question 14

A flight operations manager wants to test if the mean departure delay is less than 12 minutes. The sample mean is 10.5 minutes, $$n = 48$$, and $$s = 30.8$$ minutes. What is the correct form of the alternative hypothesis ($$H_1$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$H_1$$: \mu \u003c 12$$

Question 15

If you are conducting a left-tailed test, which sign is used in the alternative hypothesis ($$H_1$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\u003c$$

Question 16

A sample of 62 households has a mean discarded plastic weight of 1.911 lb and $$s = 1.065 lb. $$Test the claim at $$\alpha = 0.05$$ that the mean is greater than 1.800 lb. Which region would lead you to reject $$H_0$$?

Accepted Answer

If the test statistic falls in the right tail.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a step in the hypothesis testing process?

Accepted Answer

Estimate the population variance using the sample mean.

Question 18

A study claims that the mean age of Oscar-winning actresses is 33 years. A sample of 82 has a mean of 35.9 years and $$\sigma = 11.1$$ years. What is the correct test statistic formula?

Accepted Answer

$$z = \frac{\bar{x} - \mu}{\sigma / \sqrt{n}}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the rejection region in a two-tailed hypothesis test?

Accepted Answer

The area in both tails beyond the critical values.

Chapter 8: Hypothesis Testing in Statistics – Concepts, Methods, and Applications

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