Q: A pharmaceutical company claims that the proportion of children experiencing headaches as a side effect of a new drug is 2%. Which of the following is the correct null and alternative hypothesis for testing if the proportion is different from 2%?

$$H_0$$: p = 0.02$$ and H_1$: p \neq 0.02$$

Q: In a right-tailed test, which of the following is the correct form of the alternative hypothesis?

$$H_1$$: \text{parameter} \u003e \text{some value}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the null hypothesis ($$H_0) in $$hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

A statement of no change, no effect, or no difference, assumed true until evidence indicates otherwise.

Question 2

A pharmaceutical company claims that the proportion of children experiencing headaches as a side effect of a new drug is 2%. Which of the following is the correct null and alternative hypothesis for testing if the proportion is different from 2%?

Accepted Answer

$$H_0$$: p = 0.02$$ and H_1$: p 
eq 0.02$$

Question 3

In the context of hypothesis testing, what is a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.

Question 4

Suppose a manufacturer wants to know if a new filling machine has less variability than the old one, where the standard deviation for the old machine is $$0.23$$ ounces. What is the correct alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

$$H_1$$: \sigma \u003c 0.23$$

Question 5

If the probability of making a Type I error ($$\alpha) $$increases, what happens to the probability of making a Type II error ($$\beta$$)?

Accepted Answer

It decreases.

Question 6

A placement exam is structured so the mean time to complete the exam is 60 minutes. A college administrator is concerned that the exam takes longer than 60 minutes. What is the correct alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

$$H_1$$: \mu \u003e 60$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a two-tailed test?

Accepted Answer

The alternative hypothesis tests whether the parameter is not equal to a certain value.

Question 8

In a hypothesis test, what does it mean if the results are statistically significant?

Accepted Answer

The observed results are unlikely under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true.

Question 9

A polling firm finds that 534 out of 1000 randomly sampled voters support a policy. Which hypothesis test would be appropriate to determine if more than half of all voters support the policy?

Accepted Answer

A right-tailed test with $$H_1$$: p \u003e 0.5$$

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a correct step in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

Accept the null hypothesis if the evidence is not sufficient.

Question 11

What is the probability of getting five tails in a row when flipping a fair coin?

Accepted Answer

$$0.03125$$

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the null hypothesis is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis is a statement of equality or no effect.

Question 13

If a researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is actually true, what type of error has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Type II error

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the alternative hypothesis ($$H_1$$)?

Accepted Answer

A statement that we are trying to find evidence to support.

Question 15

In a right-tailed test, which of the following is the correct form of the alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

$$H_1$$: 	ext{parameter} \u003e 	ext{some value}$$

Hypothesis Tests Regarding a Parameter: Structured Study Notes

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