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Genetic Code quiz #2

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  • What does the anticodon on the tRNA match up with?
    The anticodon on the tRNA matches up with the codon on the mRNA.
  • Which anticodon do you think would attach to the mRNA’s start codon AUG?
    The anticodon UAC would attach to the mRNA's start codon AUG.
  • What would be the complementary base code if a DNA strand read ATAGCGA?
    The complementary base code would be TATCGCT.
  • Which statements about the genetic code are true?
    It is universal, degenerate, and redundant.
  • What is a correct statement about the genetic code?
    The genetic code is universal.
  • How many bases make up a codon?
    Three bases make up a codon.
  • What does it mean that organisms have a nearly universal genetic code?
    It means that the same codons specify the same amino acids in nearly all organisms.
  • What are codons and anticodons?
    Codons are three-nucleotide sequences on mRNA that specify amino acids, while anticodons are complementary sequences on tRNA.
  • What is significant about the anticodon?
    The anticodon is significant because it pairs with the codon on mRNA to ensure the correct amino acid is added during protein synthesis.
  • What method was used to decipher the genetic code?
    Protein synthesis experiments.
  • What does it mean when we say the genetic code is “degenerate?”
    It means that multiple codons can code for the same amino acid.
  • What is the relationship between the codon and the anticodon?
    The codon on mRNA pairs with the anticodon on tRNA to ensure the correct amino acid is added during protein synthesis.
  • At which position of the codon do scientists observe wobble base pairing?
    Scientists observe wobble base pairing at the third position of the codon.
  • How do the bases pair from mRNA (codon) to tRNA (anticodon)?
    The bases pair according to complementary base pairing rules: A with U, and C with G.
  • Does tRNA have codons or anti-codons?
    tRNA has anticodons.
  • What does the universality of the genetic code provide evidence for?
    Common ancestry.
  • What type of bonds form between the codon of mRNA and the anticodon of tRNA?
    Hydrogen bonds form between the codon of mRNA and the anticodon of tRNA.
  • How does the codon help determine the function of the protein it is coding for?
    The codon determines which amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain, influencing the protein's structure and function.
  • How many DNA codes are used by life on Earth?
    There are 64 codons in the genetic code used by life on Earth.
  • What does it mean when we say the genetic code is redundant?
    It means that multiple codons can specify the same amino acid.
  • What is true concerning the genetic code?
    It is universal.
  • What is the relationship between a codon and an anticodon?
    A codon on mRNA pairs with a complementary anticodon on tRNA during protein synthesis.
  • What is a codon? What is an anticodon?
    A codon is a three-nucleotide sequence on mRNA that specifies an amino acid. An anticodon is a complementary three-nucleotide sequence on tRNA.
  • What is a triplet codon?
    A triplet codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that specifies a single amino acid.
  • The genetic code is redundant. What is meant by this statement?
    It means that more than one codon can code for the same amino acid.
  • What is a false statement about the genetic code?
    It is ambiguous.
  • How many DNA triplets were in the original sequence?
    The number of DNA triplets corresponds to the number of codons in the mRNA sequence.
  • How many amino acids are coded by a set of codons that share the same first two nucleotide bases?
    The number of amino acids depends on the specific codons and their redundancy in the genetic code.
  • What is a false statement about the genetic code?
    It is ambiguous.
  • What is an implication of the universality of the genetic code?
    Common ancestry
  • Which amino acid does the start codon of an mRNA specify?
    Methionine
  • Which statement best explains how the genetic code is universal?
    The same codons specify the same amino acids in nearly all organisms.
  • What is the genetic material at B?
    The genetic material at B would refer to a specific location in a diagram, typically DNA or RNA.
  • What is the smallest unit of genetic information that can be directly read to code for a trait?
    A codon is the smallest unit of genetic information that can be directly read to code for a trait.
  • What is complementary to an anticodon?
    A codon on mRNA is complementary to an anticodon on tRNA.
  • What is a correct statement about the utility of the genetic code?
    It is universal.
  • What does it mean that the genetic code is degenerate?
    It means that multiple codons can code for the same amino acid.
  • How many bases of mRNA specify an amino acid?
    Three bases of mRNA specify an amino acid.