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Prokaryotic Cell Structure quiz #2

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  • What is found in the external covering of gram-positive cells?
    The external covering of gram-positive cells contains a thick layer of peptidoglycan.
  • Which three structures comprise a bacterial flagellum?
    A bacterial flagellum is comprised of the filament, hook, and basal body.
  • Can you label the structures of a prokaryotic cell?
    Yes, the structures of a prokaryotic cell include the nucleoid, ribosomes, cell membrane, cell wall, and sometimes structures like pili, flagella, and a glycocalyx.
  • Where is lipopolysaccharide (LPS) located in bacterial cells?
    Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is located in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacterial cells.
  • What surrounds the cell membrane of most bacteria and provides structure and protection?
    The cell wall surrounds the cell membrane of most bacteria and provides structure and protection.
  • What structures are present in a bacterial cell?
    Structures present in a bacterial cell include the nucleoid, ribosomes, cell membrane, cell wall, and sometimes pili, flagella, and a glycocalyx.
  • Which structure maintains the shape of a bacterial cell?
    The cell wall maintains the shape of a bacterial cell.
  • Which are functions of the prokaryote cell wall?
    Functions of the prokaryote cell wall include providing structural support, maintaining cell shape, and protecting against osmotic pressure.
  • Peptidoglycan is a molecule that is found where in a bacterial cell?
    Peptidoglycan is found in the cell wall of bacterial cells.
  • Which of these is a cell wall component that contributes to invasiveness?
    Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gram-negative bacteria contributes to invasiveness.
  • What do prokaryotes have?
    Prokaryotes have a nucleoid, ribosomes, a cell membrane, and a cell wall, but lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
  • What components make up the prokaryotic cell envelope?
    C) Cell wall, cell membrane, and outer membrane
  • What are the characteristics of the glycocalyx found in bacteria?
    D) All of the above
  • Why is it important to understand the structure of a bacterial cell when developing an antibiotic?
    Understanding the structure of a bacterial cell is crucial for developing antibiotics that target specific components, such as the cell wall, without harming human cells.
  • Which structures can be found in prokaryotic cells?
    B) Ribosomes
  • What part of a bacterial cell does gram staining allow scientists to learn about?
    Gram staining allows scientists to learn about the structure of the bacterial cell wall.
  • Which prokaryotic feature is complex?
    The cell envelope, especially in gram-negative bacteria, is complex due to the presence of an outer membrane and lipopolysaccharides.
  • Lipopolysaccharide is a component of the cell membrane of which cell type?
    Lipopolysaccharide is a component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacterial cells.
  • What is a component of the cell wall of mycobacteria?
    Mycolic acid
  • What is the structural difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?
    Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, while gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides.
  • Which shape is not one of the most common prokaryotic cell shapes?
    Cuboidal
  • Which structures are found only in prokaryotic cells?
    Structures unique to prokaryotic cells include the nucleoid and peptidoglycan cell wall.
  • Which bacterial structure functions in attachment to surfaces?
    Fimbriae function in attachment to surfaces.
  • What structures are found within prokaryotic cells?
    Structures found within prokaryotic cells include the nucleoid, ribosomes, and sometimes plasmids.
  • Which structure is found in prokaryotes and not in animal cells?
    The nucleoid is found in prokaryotes and not in animal cells.
  • What organelles do prokaryotes have?
    Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles but have ribosomes for protein synthesis.
  • What is the function of the prokaryotic cell wall?
    The function of the prokaryotic cell wall is to provide structural support, maintain cell shape, and protect against osmotic pressure.
  • What are examples of external structures of prokaryotic cells?
    Pili, Flagella, Glycocalyx
  • Which cell structure is unique to prokaryotes?
    The nucleoid is unique to prokaryotes.