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Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria
Freeman - Biological Science 7th Edition
Freeman7th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9783584863285Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 18, Problem 15

What characteristic of the light-producing regulatory circuit is consistent with the idea that it may be a regulon? What characteristic of this circuit stretches the definition for a regulon?

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Identify the definition of a regulon: A regulon is a group of genes or operons that are regulated together, typically by a single regulatory protein or mechanism, and are often involved in a common physiological function.
Examine the characteristic of the light-producing regulatory circuit that suggests it may be a regulon: If the circuit involves multiple genes or operons that are controlled by a single regulatory mechanism or protein in response to light, this would be consistent with the definition of a regulon.
Consider how the genes in the light-producing circuit are related: If these genes contribute collectively to the production of light, this functional relationship supports the idea of a regulon.
Identify a characteristic that stretches the definition of a regulon: If the regulatory mechanism involves multiple, distinct regulatory proteins or if the regulation occurs through different, unrelated mechanisms, this complexity can stretch the traditional definition of a regulon.
Evaluate the integration of different signals or environmental factors: If the light-producing regulatory circuit responds to multiple types of stimuli besides light, or integrates various signal transduction pathways, this multifactorial regulation might also stretch the definition of a regulon.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Regulon

A regulon is a collection of genes or operons that are regulated by the same regulatory protein, allowing for coordinated expression in response to environmental changes. This concept is crucial for understanding how cells can efficiently respond to stimuli by activating or repressing multiple genes simultaneously, often leading to a unified physiological response.

Light-Producing Regulatory Circuit

The light-producing regulatory circuit refers to the network of genes and proteins involved in the synthesis and regulation of light-emitting compounds, such as luciferin and luciferase in bioluminescent organisms. This circuit exemplifies how specific environmental cues, like light, can trigger complex gene expression patterns, which may indicate its classification as a regulon.
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Definition Stretching for a Regulon

A characteristic that stretches the definition of a regulon may involve the presence of genes that are regulated by different mechanisms or that respond to multiple regulatory proteins. This complexity can challenge the traditional view of a regulon as a simple, unified regulatory system, suggesting that the interactions within the circuit may be more intricate than typically defined.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The light-producing genes of V. fischeri are organized in an operon that is under positive control by an activator protein called LuxR. Would you expect the genes of this operon to be transcribed when LuxR is bound or not bound to a DNA regulatory sequence? Explain.
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Textbook Question
The diagram shown here is a model of the gene regulatory circuit for light production by V. fischeri cells. The lux operon contains genes for luminescence (luxCDABE) and a gene, luxI, that encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the production of an inducer. This inducer easily moves back and forth across the plasma membrane and acts as a signaling molecule. The lux operon is never completely turned off. The luxR gene codes for the activator LuxR. The inducer can bind to LuxR, and when it does, the LuxR–inducer complex can bind to a regulatory site to activate transcription of the lux operon and inhibit transcription of luxR. Explain how this gene regulatory circuit accounts for bacteria emitting light only when they reach a high cell density.
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Textbook Question
LuxR is allosterically regulated by the inducer molecule secreted by V. fischeri. What does it mean that LuxR is allosterically regulated?
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Textbook Question
Quorum sensing (introduced in Ch. 11, Section 11.4) allows bacteria to detect the number of neighboring cells and to trigger a response only when this number reaches a critical level. Quorum sensing is used by V. fischeri in light production and by many pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae, to turn on genes for toxin production only when a critical cell density is reached. Why might quorum sensing be beneficial to pathogenic bacteria?
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