Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between an element and a compound?

Accepted Answer

An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom, while a compound is a pure substance composed of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for a ground-state oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^4$$

Question 3

A neutral atom of magnesium ($$^{24}_{12}Mg) $$has how many protons, neutrons, and electrons?

Accepted Answer

12 protons, 12 neutrons, 12 electrons

Question 4

Which of the following quantum numbers describes the shape of an orbital?

Accepted Answer

Azimuthal quantum number ($$l)$$

Question 5

Which of the following molecules has the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2O$$

Question 6

What is the bond angle in a molecule with a trigonal planar geometry?

Accepted Answer

$$120^\circ$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds tend to have high melting points?

Accepted Answer

Strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions require a large amount of energy to break.

Question 8

Which of the following is a property of a physical change?

Accepted Answer

Melting of ice into water

Question 9

What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in $$NH_3$$?

Accepted Answer

$$0$$

Question 10

Which of the following molecules is polar?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2O$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?

Accepted Answer

It is impossible to know both the exact position and momentum of an electron at the same time.

Question 12

Which of the following intermolecular forces is the strongest?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 13

What is the hybridization of the central atom in $$CH_4$$?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^3$$

Question 14

Which of the following represents a double displacement reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB + CD \rightarrow AD + CB$$

Question 15

How many valence electrons does a neutral atom of sulfur have?

Accepted Answer

6

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct Lewis dot structure for $$CH_4$$?

Accepted Answer

A central C atom with four single bonds to four H atoms, no lone pairs on C.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a cation?

Accepted Answer

An atom that has lost one or more electrons and has a positive charge.

Question 18

Which of the following molecules is isoelectronic with $$Ne$$?

Accepted Answer

$$F^-$$

Question 19

What is the molecular geometry of $$NH_3$$ according to VSEPR theory?

Accepted Answer

Trigonal pyramidal

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why $$H_2O is a $$polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

The molecule has a bent shape and the oxygen atom is more electronegative than hydrogen, creating a net dipole moment.

Atoms, Elements, Chemical Reactions, and Molecular Structure: General Chemistry Study Guide

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