Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the Law of Multiple Proportions?

Accepted Answer

If two elements form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other are in the ratio of small whole numbers.

Question 2

Which experiment provided evidence for the existence of the atomic nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Rutherford gold foil experiment

Question 3

A neutral atom of $$^{37}\mathrm{Cl}$$ contains how many protons, neutrons, and electrons?

Accepted Answer

17 protons, 20 neutrons, 17 electrons

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct empirical formula for hydrogen peroxide, $$\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}_2$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HO}$$

Question 5

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with neon ($$\mathrm{Ne}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Na}^+$$

Question 6

What is the correct name for $$\mathrm{Fe}_2\mathrm{O}_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) oxide

Question 7

Which of the following compounds is an example of a binary molecular compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO}_2$$

Question 8

Calculate the average atomic mass of chlorine given the following isotopic abundances: $$^{35}\mathrm{Cl} ($$mass = 34.969 amu, abundance = 75.77%), $$^{37}\mathrm{Cl} ($$mass = 36.966 amu, abundance = 24.23%).

Accepted Answer

$$35.45$$ amu

Question 9

Which of the following acids is correctly named?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HClO}_3$$ : chloric acid

Question 10

Which of the following statements about metals is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Metals are usually brittle and poor conductors.

Question 11

What is the formula for the compound formed between magnesium and nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Mg}_3\mathrm{N}_2$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{N}_2\mathrm{O}_5$$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen pentoxide

Question 14

Which of the following is a diatomic molecule found naturally in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 15

What is the charge on the sulfate ion?

Accepted Answer

$$2-$$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds are electrically neutral?

Accepted Answer

The total positive charge of the cations equals the total negative charge of the anions.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for ammonium sulfate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{(NH}_4)_2\mathrm{SO}_4$$

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{K}_2\mathrm{CO}_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Potassium carbonate

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between a molecular formula and an empirical formula?

Accepted Answer

A molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule, while an empirical formula shows the simplest whole-number ratio.

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions: Foundations of Chemical Structure and Nomenclature

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