Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Law of Segregation as discovered by Mendel?

Accepted Answer

The two alleles for a character separate during gamete formation, and each gamete receives only one allele.

Question 2

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (Rr x Rr), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

3 round : 1 wrinkled

Question 3

A pea plant with genotype Tt is crossed with a tt plant. What is the expected genotypic ratio among the offspring?

Accepted Answer

1 Tt : 1 tt

Question 4

Which term refers to the physical appearance or manifestation of a characteristic in an organism?

Accepted Answer

Phenotype

Question 5

If a plant with genotype RR is crossed with a plant with genotype rr, what will be the genotype of all F1 offspring?

Accepted Answer

Rr

Question 6

What is the probability of obtaining a homozygous recessive offspring (aa) from a cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa)?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{1}{4}$

Question 7

In a dihybrid cross (RrYy x RrYy), what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

9:3:3:1

Question 8

Which rule of probability is used to calculate the chance of two independent events occurring together?

Accepted Answer

Rule of Multiplication

Question 9

A testcross is performed between a plant with an unknown dominant phenotype and a homozygous recessive plant. If the unknown plant is heterozygous, what will be the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

Accepted Answer

1 dominant : 1 recessive

Question 10

Which of the following statements about alleles is correct?

Accepted Answer

Alleles are different versions of a gene located at the same locus on homologous chromosomes.

Question 11

In Mendel’s pea experiments, what was the main advantage of using garden peas?

Accepted Answer

They have many purebred varieties and traits with two easily-differentiated forms.

Question 12

If a plant with genotype AaBb is crossed with a plant with genotype AABB, what is the probability that an offspring will have genotype AABb?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{1}{2}$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why the wrinkled allele (r) in peas is recessive?

Accepted Answer

It codes for a non-functional enzyme, leading to accumulation of sucrose and wrinkling.

Question 14

What is the probability of rolling a 4 or a 6 on a single die?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{1}{3}$

Question 15

In a cross of Aa x aa, what is the expected genotypic ratio among the offspring?

Accepted Answer

1 Aa : 1 aa

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Mendel’s experimental approach?

Accepted Answer

Traits with multiple intermediate forms

Question 17

If two homozygous recessive individuals (aa x aa) are crossed, what is the probability of producing a heterozygous offspring (Aa)?

Accepted Answer

$0$

Question 18

In a dihybrid cross RrYy x RrYy, what is the probability of obtaining an offspring with genotype RRyy?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{1}{16}$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a heterozygote?

Accepted Answer

An organism possessing two different alleles at a locus

Question 20

Which principle explains why alleles at different loci separate independently during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Principle of Independent Assortment

Basic Principles of Heredity: Mendelian Genetics and Probability

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