Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why hydrochloric acid (HCl) is classified as a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

HCl completely ionizes in aqueous solution, producing $\mathrm{H^+}$ and $\mathrm{Cl^-}$ ions.

Question 2

A solution of 0.10 M acetic acid ($\mathrm{HC_2H_3O_2}$) is prepared. Which of the following best describes the solution?

Accepted Answer

It is a weak acid and will partially ionize, establishing an equilibrium.

Question 3

Which of the following acids is commonly found in citrus fruits and is responsible for their sour taste?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid ($\mathrm{H_3C_6H_5O_7}$)

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the behavior of water in acid-base reactions?

Accepted Answer

Water is amphoteric and can act as either an acid or a base.

Question 5

What is the pH of a solution with $[\mathrm{H_3O^+}] = 1.0 	imes 10^{-4}\ \mathrm{M}$?

Accepted Answer

$4.0$

Question 6

Which of the following bases is commonly used in soap production and is classified as a strong base?

Accepted Answer

Potassium hydroxide ($\mathrm{KOH}$)

Question 7

A student adds sodium bicarbonate ($\mathrm{NaHCO_3}$) to water. What is the resulting solution's pH likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Basic, because $\mathrm{HCO_3^-}$ acts as a weak base.

Question 8

Which of the following equations correctly represents the autoionization of water?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{H_2O(l) + H_2O(l) \rightleftharpoons H_3O^+(aq) + OH^-(aq)}$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the relationship between $K_a$ and $pK_a$ is correct?

Accepted Answer

A larger $K_a$ value corresponds to a smaller $pK_a$ value.

Question 10

A solution has a pOH of 3.0. What is the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$11.0$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why HF is a weak acid, while HCl is a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

HF has a stronger H–F bond, making it less likely to ionize completely.

Question 12

Which of the following salts will produce an acidic solution when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

NH_4Br

Question 13

Which of the following is a property of bases?

Accepted Answer

They feel slippery and turn red litmus paper blue.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct expression for the ion product constant of water ($K_w$) at 25°C?

Accepted Answer

$K_w = [H_3O^+][OH^-] = 1.0 	imes 10^{-14}$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a Lewis acid?

Accepted Answer

A substance that accepts a lone pair of electrons.

Question 16

A 0.10 M solution of $\mathrm{HNO_3}$ is prepared. What is the $[\mathrm{H_3O^+}]$ in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$0.10\ \mathrm{M}$

Question 17

Which of the following statements about polyprotic acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Each acidic proton ionizes in a separate step, with the first ionization usually being the strongest.

Question 18

Which of the following factors increases the strength of an oxyacid?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the number of oxygen atoms attached to the central atom.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct relationship for calculating pH from $[\mathrm{H_3O^+}]$?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{pH} = -\log [\mathrm{H_3O^+}]$

Chapter 17: Acids and Bases – Properties, Strength, and Reactions

Study Guide - Practice Questions