Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a mixture and a compound, as illustrated by a hydrogen-oxygen mixture and water?

Accepted Answer

A mixture can have any ratio of elements, while a compound contains elements in fixed, definite proportions.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about chemical bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds occur between metals and nonmetals and involve transfer of electrons.

Question 3

What is the empirical formula for glucose, whose molecular formula is $$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_2O}$$

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structural formula?

Accepted Answer

It shows how atoms in a molecule are connected or bonded to each other, including geometry.

Question 5

Which part of the atom do the spheres in space-filling molecular models represent?

Accepted Answer

The electron cloud of the atom.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a molecular element?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O_2$})$$

Question 7

Which statement best summarizes the difference between ionic and molecular compounds?

Accepted Answer

Molecular compounds contain highly directional covalent bonds, forming molecules; ionic compounds contain nondirectional ionic bonds, forming lattices.

Question 8

What is the basic unit of an ionic compound?

Accepted Answer

Formula unit

Question 9

Which metal has the same charge in all of its compounds?

Accepted Answer

Strontium ($$\mathrm{Sr})$$

Question 10

What is the correct name for $$\mathrm{KCl}$$?

Accepted Answer

Potassium chloride

Question 11

What is the correct name for $$\mathrm{FeS}$$, where iron forms a $$2+$$ cation?

Accepted Answer

Iron(II) sulfide

Question 12

Which polyatomic ion is present in sodium nitrite ($$\mathrm{$$NaNO_2$$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Nitrite ($$\mathrm{NO_2$^-})$$

Question 13

Which naming rule applies to oxyanions with different numbers of oxygen atoms?

Accepted Answer

The ion with more oxygen atoms gets the ending -ate, and the one with fewer gets -ite.

Question 14

What is the systematic name for $$\mathrm{$$MgSO_4$$ \cdot 7H_2O}$$?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

Question 15

Why is $$\mathrm{$$NCl_3$$}$$ called nitrogen trichloride, but $$\mathrm{$$AlCl_3$$} is $$simply aluminum chloride?

Accepted Answer

Prefixes are used for molecular compounds but not for ionic compounds.

Question 16

What is the correct name for $$\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$$?

Accepted Answer

Sulfuric acid

Question 17

What is the formula mass of water ($$\mathrm{H_2O}$$)? (Atomic masses: H = 1.01 g/mol, O = 16.00 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{18.02\ g/mol}$$

Question 18

A compound is found to contain 40.0% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass. What is its empirical formula?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_2O}$$

Question 19

Which family of organic compounds contains the functional group $$\mathrm{-OH}$$?

Accepted Answer

Alcohols

Question 20

Which hydrocarbon is a component of natural gas and has the molecular formula $$\mathrm{CH_4$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Methane

Chapter 3: Molecules and Compounds – Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards