Q: A compact disc cleaning fluid has a mass of 19.625 g and a volume of 25.00 cm$$^3. $$What is its density, and which compound is it most likely to be if the possible choices are: Chloroform (1.492 g/cm$$^3$$), Diethyl ether (0.714 g/cm$$^3$$), Ethanol (0.789 g/cm$$^3$$), Isopropyl alcohol (0.785 g/cm$$^3$$), Toluene (0.867 g/cm$$^3$$)?

Density = $$0.785\ \text{g/cm}^3$$, most likely Isopropyl alcohol

Q: A student wants to convert 55 mi/h to km/h. Which conversion factor should be used?

$$1\ \text{mi} = 1.609\ \text{km}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A law is a summary of observed behavior, while a theory is an explanation of why that behavior occurs.

Question 2

A chemist measures the mass of a sample as 0.050080 g. How many significant figures does this measurement have?

Accepted Answer

Five

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?

Accepted Answer

The temperature increased to 75 $$^\circC.$$

Question 4

A student converts 7.00 inches to centimeters using the conversion factor $$1\ 	ext{in} = 2.54\ 	ext{cm}. $$What is the correct length in centimeters?

Accepted Answer

$$17.8\ 	ext{cm}$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about mass and weight is correct?

Accepted Answer

Weight is the force of gravity acting on mass, and can change with location.

Question 6

A compact disc cleaning fluid has a mass of 19.625 g and a volume of 25.00 cm$$^3. $$What is its density, and which compound is it most likely to be if the possible choices are: Chloroform (1.492 g/cm$$^3$$), Diethyl ether (0.714 g/cm$$^3$$), Ethanol (0.789 g/cm$$^3$$), Isopropyl alcohol (0.785 g/cm$$^3$$), Toluene (0.867 g/cm$$^3$$)?

Accepted Answer

Density = $$0.785\ 	ext{g/cm}^3$$, most likely Isopropyl alcohol

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct SI base unit and its abbreviation?

Accepted Answer

Temperature, kelvin, K

Question 8

A sample of water is decomposed by electrolysis, producing hydrogen and oxygen gases. Which law does this experiment best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Law of Conservation of Mass

Question 9

Convert a temperature of 98.6$$^\circF to $$Kelvin using the formulas $$T_C = \frac{5}{9}(T_F - 32)$$ and $$T_K = T_C + 273. $$What is the result?

Accepted Answer

$$310.2\ 	ext{K}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

A mixture with visibly indistinguishable parts, such as air.

Question 11

A student adds the following numbers: $$12.11 + 18.0 + 1.013. $$According to the rules for significant figures, what is the correct answer?

Accepted Answer

$$31.1$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Ignoring data that does not fit the hypothesis

Question 13

Which prefix in the SI system represents $$10^{-6}$$?

Accepted Answer

micro

Question 14

A dartboard shows all darts clustered in one spot, but far from the bull’s-eye. This best represents which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Low accuracy, high precision

Question 15

Which physical separation technique would best separate a mixture of colored inks?

Accepted Answer

Chromatography

Question 16

A 12-oz can of soda has a volume of about 360 mL. What is this volume in liters?

Accepted Answer

$$0.360\ 	ext{L}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a derived SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Liter (L)

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the state of matter for a substance that has a definite volume but no definite shape?

Accepted Answer

Liquid

Question 19

A student wants to convert 55 mi/h to km/h. Which conversion factor should be used?

Accepted Answer

$$1\ 	ext{mi} = 1.609\ 	ext{km}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen gases

Chemical Foundations: Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving

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