Q: A drop of gasoline has a mass of 22 mg and a density of $0.755 \ \frac{g}{cm^3}$. What is its volume in cubic centimeters?

$V = \frac{0.022}{0.755} = 0.0291 \ \text{cm}^3$

Q: Which conversion factor should have been used to convert trajectory corrections from inches to centimeters in the Mars Climate Orbiter disaster?

$\frac{2.54 \ \text{cm}}{1 \ \text{in}}$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between qualitative and quantitative measurements in chemistry?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative measurements are descriptive in nature, while quantitative measurements involve numerical values obtained from instrumentation.

Question 2

Which temperature scale has no negative values, and what is the equation to convert Celsius to this scale?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin; $K = C + 273.15$

Question 3

A student measures the mass of a sample as 0.00430 grams. How many significant figures are in this measurement?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 4

Which metric prefix multiplier is most appropriate for reporting a measurement of 0.000001 meters?

Accepted Answer

micro

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an exact value with an unlimited number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

1 inch = 2.54 centimeters

Question 6

A graduated cylinder is marked every 0.1 mL. If the meniscus is between 4.5 and 4.6 mL, what is the correct way to record the measurement?

Accepted Answer

4.56 mL

Question 7

When multiplying and dividing measured values, how do you determine the number of significant figures in the answer?

Accepted Answer

The answer should have as many significant figures as the value with the least significant figures.

Question 8

A sample of copper is heated from room temperature to 100°C. What happens to its density?

Accepted Answer

The sample expands and its density decreases.

Question 9

Which of the following is an intensive property of matter?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 10

A 747 is fueled with 173,231 L of jet fuel with a density of $0.768 \ \frac{g}{cm^3}$. What is the mass of the fuel in kilograms? (1 L = 1000 cm³, 1 kg = 1000 g)

Accepted Answer

133,000,000 g / 1000 = 133,000 kg

Question 11

Which type of error is difficult to correct and has an equal probability of being higher or lower than the true value?

Accepted Answer

Random error

Question 12

What type of energy is chemical energy?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy

Question 13

The burning of natural gas in a stove is an example of which type of process, and what is the sign of the energy change?

Accepted Answer

Exothermic; negative

Question 14

Convert 1.76 yards to centimeters using the following relationships: $1.094 \ 	ext{yards} = 1 \ 	ext{meter}$ and $1 \ 	ext{meter} = 100 \ 	ext{centimeters}$. What is the answer rounded to the correct number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

161 cm

Question 15

A vineyard has 145 acres of Chardonnay grapes. If a soil supplement requires 5.50 g for every square meter, how many kilograms are needed for the entire vineyard? (1 acre = 4046.86 m²)

Accepted Answer

3,220 kg

Question 16

Which equation correctly expresses the relationship for the volume of a sphere?

Accepted Answer

$V = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the First Law of Thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

Energy of the universe is conserved.

Question 18

A drop of gasoline has a mass of 22 mg and a density of $0.755 \ \frac{g}{cm^3}$. What is its volume in cubic centimeters?

Accepted Answer

$V = \frac{0.022}{0.755} = 0.0291 \ 	ext{cm}^3$

Question 19

Which conversion factor should have been used to convert trajectory corrections from inches to centimeters in the Mars Climate Orbiter disaster?

Accepted Answer

$\frac{2.54 \ 	ext{cm}}{1 \ 	ext{in}}$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between precision and accuracy in measurements?

Accepted Answer

Precision is the closeness of repeated measurements, while accuracy is the agreement of measured value to the actual known value.

Essentials: Units, Measurements, and Problem Solving – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards