Question 1

The first image shows a blue flame from a gas burner. Which organic compound is the main component of natural gas used as fuel in household stoves, and what is its molecular formula?

Accepted Answer

Methane, $$CH_4$$

Question 2

The second image shows spherical storage tanks at a chemical plant. These tanks are most likely used to store which type of organic compound?

Accepted Answer

Alkanes (such as propane or butane)

Question 3

The third image shows a gasoline pump with different octane ratings. The octane rating is based on the performance of which hydrocarbon compound?

Accepted Answer

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

Question 4

The fourth image shows a ball-and-stick model of a cyclic hydrocarbon. What is the molecular formula for cyclooctane?

Accepted Answer

$$C_8H_{16}$$

Question 5

The fifth image shows a bottle of acetone. Which functional group is present in acetone?

Accepted Answer

Ketone

Question 6

The sixth image shows an apple. The characteristic aroma of apples is due to which type of organic compound?

Accepted Answer

Ester

Question 7

The seventh image shows a pineapple. The sweet smell of pineapple is mainly due to which functional group?

Accepted Answer

Ester

Question 8

The eighth image shows a can of ether used for anesthesia. Which of the following best describes the structure of an ether?

Accepted Answer

R-O-R'

Question 9

The ninth image shows a piece of raw meat. The strong, unpleasant odor of decaying meat is primarily due to which class of organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Amines

Question 10

The tenth image shows a bar of soap. Soaps are typically the sodium or potassium salts of which type of organic compound?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acids

Question 11

The eleventh image shows a bottle of vinegar. The main organic acid in vinegar is acetic acid. What is the molecular formula for acetic acid?

Accepted Answer

$$C_2H_4O_2$$

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why alkanes such as those stored in the spherical tanks (image 2) are used as fuels?

Accepted Answer

They undergo combustion reactions releasing large amounts of energy

Question 13

Which functional group is responsible for the strong smell of rotten eggs and burned hair, as found in some organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Thiol ($$-SH)$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the chemical reaction that produces ethanol in alcoholic beverages?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation of glucose

Question 15

Which compound is responsible for the characteristic smell of vanilla and is classified as an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

Vanillin

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Structure, Nomenclature, and Functional Groups

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