Question 1

Which of the following best explains why the water droplet in the first image forms a nearly spherical shape on the leaf surface?

Accepted Answer

The cohesive forces between water molecules (hydrogen bonding) are stronger than the adhesive forces between water and the leaf, resulting in high surface tension.

Question 2

Which state of matter is depicted by the lightning bolt in the fifth image, and what is a defining characteristic of this state?

Accepted Answer

Plasma; it consists of ionized particles with free-moving electrons and ions.

Question 3

Refer to the sixth image showing compressibility. Why are gases compressible while solids are not?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles are far apart with significant empty space, allowing them to be compressed, while solid particles are tightly packed in fixed positions.

Question 4

Which equation describes the electrostatic potential energy between two charged particles, as shown in the tenth image?

Accepted Answer

$E = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0} \frac{q_1 q_2}{r}$

Question 5

Which intermolecular force is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of water compared to other Group 6A hydrides, as shown in the boiling point graph?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 6

A student observes that oil and water do not mix, as shown in the third image. Which statement best explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

Oil is nonpolar and water is polar; the intermolecular forces between like molecules are stronger than those between oil and water.

Question 7

Which process is described by the equation $q = m \cdot C_s \cdot \Delta T$?

Accepted Answer

The energy required to change the temperature of a substance without a phase change.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about surface tension is correct?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension is higher for liquids with stronger intermolecular forces.

Question 9

Which intermolecular force is present in all substances, regardless of polarity?

Accepted Answer

London dispersion forces

Question 10

A phase diagram shows that at a certain temperature and pressure, all three phases of a substance coexist. What is this point called?

Accepted Answer

Triple point

Question 11

Which of the following best describes why n-pentane has a higher boiling point than neopentane, as shown in the images?

Accepted Answer

n-Pentane has more surface-to-surface contact, leading to stronger dispersion forces.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about the process of vaporization?

Accepted Answer

It requires energy to overcome intermolecular attractions.

Question 13

Which intermolecular force is the strongest in a mixture of NaCl dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

Ion-dipole force

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the heating curve of water is correct?

Accepted Answer

The temperature remains constant during phase changes, even as heat is added.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Ice has a lower density than liquid water because its molecules are arranged in an open hexagonal structure due to hydrogen bonding.

Question 16

Which equation would you use to calculate the heat required to melt 2.00 mol of ice at 0°C, given $\Delta H_{fus} = 6.02$ kJ/mol?

Accepted Answer

$q = n \cdot \Delta H_{fus}$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the relationship between vapor pressure and intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

Weaker intermolecular forces result in higher vapor pressure.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life application of capillary action?

Accepted Answer

The rising of water in a thin glass tube due to adhesive and cohesive forces.

Question 19

Which of the following molecules can form hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

NH3

Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces: Chapter 11 Study Guide

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