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Ch. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA Technology
Tortora - Microbiology: An Introduction 14th Edition
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoTortora 14th EditionCh. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA TechnologyProblema 6
Capitolo 5, Problema 6

Describe an rDNA experiment in two or three sentences. Use the following terms: intron, exon, DNA, mRNA, cDNA, RNA polymerase, reverse transcriptase.

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Begin by explaining that DNA contains both exons (coding regions) and introns (non-coding regions), and RNA polymerase transcribes DNA into pre-mRNA, which includes both exons and introns.
Next, describe how the pre-mRNA undergoes splicing to remove introns, resulting in mature mRNA that contains only exons.
Then, explain that reverse transcriptase is used to synthesize complementary DNA (cDNA) from the mature mRNA, which can be used in recombinant DNA (rDNA) experiments to study or manipulate specific gene sequences without introns.

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Gene Structure: Introns and Exons

Genes are composed of exons, which code for proteins, and introns, non-coding sequences removed during mRNA processing. Understanding this distinction is crucial for interpreting how mRNA and cDNA represent only the exon sequences of a gene.
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Review of Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Gene Expression

Transcription and RNA Polymerase

RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA from a DNA template by transcribing only the exons and introns present in the gene. This process produces a primary mRNA transcript that undergoes splicing to remove introns before translation.
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DNA Polymerases Requirements

Reverse Transcriptase and cDNA Synthesis

Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that converts processed mRNA back into complementary DNA (cDNA), which lacks introns. This cDNA can be used in recombinant DNA experiments to clone genes without introns, facilitating gene expression studies.
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Animal Viruses: Reverse-Transcribing Virus Synthesis & Replication
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo

Pieces of human DNA stored in yeast cells.

a. Antisense

b. Clone

c. Library

d. Southern blot

e. Vector

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You have a small gene that you want replicated by PCR. You add fluorescent dye-labeled nucleotides to the PCR thermal cycler. After three replication cycles, what percentage of the DNA single strands will fluoresce?

a. 0%

b. 12.5%

c. 50%

d. 87.5%

e. 100%

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Domanda del libro di testo

A population of cells carrying a desired plasmid.

a. Antisense

b. Clone

c. Library

d. Southern blot

e. Vector

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Domanda del libro di testo

Identify and mark each of the following in making cDNA: transcription, RNA processing, reverse transcription, DNA polymerase, cDNA.

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Domanda del libro di testo

If you put a gene in a virus, the next step in genetic modification would be

a. insertion of a plasmid.

b. transformation.

c. transduction.

d. PCR.

e. Southern blotting.

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Domanda del libro di testo

List at least two examples of the use of rDNA in medicine and in agriculture.

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