Identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base from among the reactants in each equation. a. Fe³⁺(aq) + 6 H₂O(l) ⇌ Fe(H₂O)₆³⁺(aq) b. Zn²⁺(aq) + 4 NH₃(aq) ⇌ Zn(NH₃)₄²⁺(aq) c. (CH₃)₃N(g) + BF₃(g) ⇌ (CH₃)₃NBF₃(s)

문제 126a

Identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base from among the reactants in each equation. a. Ag⁺(aq) + 2 NH₃(aq) ⇌ Ag(NH₃)₂⁺(aq)

문제 126b,c

Identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base from among the reactants in each equation. b. AlBr₃ + NH₃ ⇌ H₃NAlBr₃ c. F^–(aq) + BF₃(aq) ⇌ BF₄^–(aq)

문제 127c

Based on these molecular views, determine whether each pictured acid is weak or strong.

문제 128

Based on these molecular views, determine whether each pictured acid is weak or strong.

문제 129

The binding of oxygen by hemoglobin in the blood involves the equilibrium reaction: HbH⁺(aq) + O₂(aq) ⇌ HbO₂(aq) + H⁺(aq) In this equation, Hb is hemoglobin. The pH of normal human blood is highly controlled within a range of 7.35 to 7.45. Given the above equilibrium, why is this important? What would happen to the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin if blood became too acidic (a dangerous condition known as acidosis)?

문제 130

Carbon dioxide dissolves in water according to the equations:

CO₂(g) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₂CO₃(aq)

H₂CO₃(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ HCO₃^–(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)

Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have increased about 20% over the last century. Given that Earth's oceans are exposed to atmospheric carbon dioxide, what effect might the increased CO₂ be having on the pH of the world's oceans? What effect might this change be having on the limestone structures (primarily CaCO₃) of coral reefs and marine shells?

문제 131

People often take milk of magnesia to reduce the discomfort associated with acid stomach or heartburn. The recommended dose is 1 teaspoon, which contains 4.00×10² mg of Mg(OH)₂. What volume of an HCl solution with a pH of 1.3 can be neutralized by one dose of milk of magnesia? If the stomach contains 2.00×10² mL of pH 1.3 solution, is all the acid neutralized? If not, what fraction is neutralized?

문제 132

Lakes that have been acidified by acid rain can be neutralized by liming, the addition of limestone (CaCO₃). How much limestone (in kg) is required to completely neutralize a 4.3 billion liter lake with a pH of 5.5?

문제 136

The AIDS drug zalcitabine (also known as ddC) is a weak base with a pK_b of 9.8. What percentage of the base is protonated in an aqueous zalcitabine solution containing 565 mg/L?

문제 137

Determine the pH of each solution. a. 0.0100 M HClO₄ b. 0.115 M HClO₂ c. 0.045 M Sr(OH)₂ d. 0.0852 M KCN e. 0.155 M NH₄Cl

문제 138

Determine the pH of each solution. a. 0.0650 M HNO₃ b. 0.150 M HNO₂ c. 0.0195 M KOH d. 0.245 M CH₃NH₃I e. 0.318 M KC₆H₅O

문제 139

Determine the pH of each two-component solution. a. 0.0550 M in HI and 0.00850 M in HF b. 0.112 M in NaCl and 0.0953 M in KF c. 0.132 M in NH₄Cl and 0.150 M HNO₃ d. 0.0887 M in sodium benzoate and 0.225 M in potassium bromide e. 0.0450 M in HCl and 0.0225 M in HNO₃

문제 140a,b,c,e

Determine the pH of each two-component solution. a. 0.050 M KOH and 0.015 M Ba(OH)₂ b. 0.265 M NH₄NO₃ and 0.102 M HCN c. 0.075 M RbOH and 0.100 M NaHCO₃ e. 0.115 M NaClO and 0.0500 M KI

문제 140d

Determine the pH of each two-component solution. d. 0.088 M HClO₄ and 0.022 M KOH

문제 141

Write net ionic equations for the reactions that take place when aqueous solutions of the following substances are mixed: a. sodium cyanide and nitric acid b. ammonium chloride and sodium hydroxide c. sodium cyanide and ammonium bromide d. potassium hydrogen sulfate and lithium acetate e. sodium hypochlorite and ammonia

문제 117

문제 118

문제 119

문제 120

문제 121

문제 122

문제 123

문제 124a

문제 124b

문제 124c

문제 124d

문제 125