Microbiology
Portal of entry → Transmission route → Reservoir → Portal of exit, which erroneously reverses the chain.
Portal of exit → Reservoir → Portal of entry → Transmission route, which mixes the temporal order incorrectly.
Transmission route → Portal of exit → Reservoir → Portal of entry, which does not reflect the directional flow of infection.
Reservoir (infected host) → Portal of exit (respiratory secretions) → Transmission route (droplets/aerosols) → Portal of entry (susceptible host respiratory mucosa).