$$pH = -\log(1 \times 10$$^{-5}$$) = 5$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Question 2

A neutral atom has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35. How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

$$35 - 17 = 18$$ neutrons

Question 3

Which of the following bonds is the strongest under physiological conditions?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 4

What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ M?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log(1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$) = 5$$

Question 5

Which of the following molecules is amphipathic and a major component of cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid

Question 6

A solution with a pH of 3 has how many times more hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 6?

Accepted Answer

$$10^{6-3}$$ = $$10^3 = 1000$ times more

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a polymer?

Accepted Answer

Lipid

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why water is a good solvent for polar substances?

Accepted Answer

Water has polar covalent bonds, allowing it to interact with and dissolve other polar molecules.

Question 9

Which of the following macromolecules contains nitrogen and can be labeled with the radioisotope $$^{16}N in E. $$coli?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 10

Which of the following molecules would NOT contain the radioisotope $$^{32}P if E. $$coli were grown in a medium containing it?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Accepted Answer

Energy source and structural biomolecule

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that joins two molecules together by removing a molecule of water.

Question 13

Which of the following is true about DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose and thymine, while RNA contains ribose and uracil.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct formula for a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n}O_n$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of proteins in cells?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes that facilitate chemical reactions

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The overall 3D shape formed by folding of the polypeptide chain, stabilized by various interactions.

Question 17

Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid most likely to be at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

Solid

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a buffer?

Accepted Answer

A compound that stabilizes pH by absorbing or releasing $$H^+$$ ions.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of an exchange reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NaCl} + \mathrm{AgNO}_3 \rightarrow \mathrm{NaNO}_3 + \mathrm{AgCl}$$

Biochemistry Basics for Microbiology: Atoms, Bonds, and Biomolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions