Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the normal biota of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems?

Accepted Answer

They are considered 'closed systems' and possess no normal biota.

Question 2

A patient presents with fever, anemia, abnormal heartbeat, and Janeway lesions. Which condition is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Acute endocarditis

Question 3

Which of the following is a major virulence factor of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease?

Accepted Answer

Antigenic variation

Question 4

Which layer of the heart is most directly affected in bacterial endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

Endocardium

Question 5

A child in a malaria-endemic region develops a tumor in the jaw. Which virus is most likely associated with this complication?

Accepted Answer

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Question 6

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between viral load and T helper cell count during HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

$$V = \frac{1}{T}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a recommended prevention strategy for Lyme disease?

Accepted Answer

Receiving a vaccine for Lyme disease

Question 8

A patient with HIV develops Kaposi’s sarcoma. What is the most likely explanation for this complication?

Accepted Answer

Opportunistic infection due to low T helper cell count

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of Plasmodium species in causing malaria?

Accepted Answer

Antigenic variation and invasion of red blood cells

Question 10

Which of the following is a key diagnostic tool for sepsis?

Accepted Answer

SOFA score

Question 11

Which of the following is a common complication of untreated Lyme disease?

Accepted Answer

Chronic arthritis due to persistent inflammation

Question 12

Which of the following is the most effective treatment for acute bacterial endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous vancomycin or teicoplanin with gentamicin

Question 13

Which of the following is a primary function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Draining excess lymph from tissues and funneling it back to venous blood supply

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of infectious mononucleosis?

Accepted Answer

Swollen lymph nodes

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the transmission of HIV?

Accepted Answer

Contact with infected bodily fluids, including blood, sexual contact, and breast milk

Question 16

Which of the following is a recommended prevention strategy for malaria?

Accepted Answer

Use of bed nets and mosquito control

Question 17

Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing sepsis?

Accepted Answer

Lung and kidney infections

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the life cycle of Plasmodium species?

Accepted Answer

Asexual phase in humans and sexual phase in mosquitoes

Question 19

Which of the following is a common symptom of sepsis?

Accepted Answer

Dangerously low blood pressure

Question 20

Which of the following is a recommended treatment for malaria?

Accepted Answer

Artemisinin and at least two other drugs

Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Infections: Microbiology Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions