$$DNA \rightarrow RNA \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It is the site of cellular respiration and regulates molecules going in and out of the cell.

Question 2

A pediatrician does not prescribe antibiotics for Baby Ola’s thrush infection. What is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

Thrush is caused by a yeast, which is a fungus, and antibiotics target bacteria, not fungi.

Question 3

Which cell structure is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Golgi complex

Question 4

Which of the following is a unique feature of bacterial cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Presence of peptidoglycan

Question 5

What is the main function of ribosomes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 6

Which process occurs at the plasma membrane in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Question 7

Which of the following cell structures is found in some prokaryotes and is responsible for antibiotic resistance?

Accepted Answer

Plasmid

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of the capsule in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 9

Which of the following cell structures is involved in motility in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but differs in composition?

Accepted Answer

Flagella

Question 10

Which of the following is a key principle of modern cell theory?

Accepted Answer

All cells only come from other cells through cell division.

Question 11

A drug that targets peptidoglycan would be most effective against which type of microbe?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 12

Which of the following cell structures is responsible for cellular respiration in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 13

Which of the following is true about endospores?

Accepted Answer

They are highly resistant to heat, radiation, and antibiotics.

Question 14

Which of the following cell structures is found in eukaryotes but NOT in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

$$DNA ightarrow RNA ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 16

Which of the following cell wall compositions is found in fungi?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 17

Which of the following cell wall compositions is found in diatom algae?

Accepted Answer

Silica

Question 18

Which of the following cell wall compositions is found in green, brown, and red algae?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 19

Which of the following cell types does NOT have a cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Protozoa

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the lysosome in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Break down old organelles or kill invading microbes

Cells: Structure, Function, and Classification in Microbiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions