Q: Which equation represents the denaturation step in PCR, where double-stranded DNA is separated into single strands?

$$\text{dsDNA} \xrightarrow{94^\circ C} \text{ssDNA}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a main goal of recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology?

Accepted Answer

To increase the natural mutation rate in all organisms

Question 2

A genetically modified papaya plant is resistant to ring spot virus due to the introduction of a viral protein gene. This is an example of which rDNA technology goal?

Accepted Answer

Eliminating undesirable phenotypic traits

Question 3

Which tool of rDNA technology is used to synthesize complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template?

Accepted Answer

Reverse transcriptase

Question 4

What is the correct sequence of steps in recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Isolate plasmid, insert gene of interest, culture bacteria

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of restriction enzymes in rDNA technology?

Accepted Answer

They cut DNA at specific sequences to produce fragments

Question 6

A gene library is created by:

Accepted Answer

Collecting bacterial or phage clones, each containing a different gene from an organism's genome

Question 7

Which technique is used to multiply DNA in vitro for various applications?

Accepted Answer

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Question 8

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA molecules based on:

Accepted Answer

Their size and charge

Question 9

Which artificial method involves shooting DNA-coated beads into plant cells to insert DNA?

Accepted Answer

Gene gun

Question 10

Golden Rice is an example of a genetically modified crop designed to:

Accepted Answer

Increase vitamin A content

Question 11

Bt corn is engineered to resist corn borers by expressing a gene from:

Accepted Answer

A bacterium

Question 12

Which equation represents the denaturation step in PCR, where double-stranded DNA is separated into single strands?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{dsDNA} \xrightarrow{94^\circ C} 	ext{ssDNA}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world application of rDNA technology in medicine?

Accepted Answer

Production of recombinant insulin for diabetes therapy

Question 14

DNA fingerprinting is used in forensics to identify individuals based on:

Accepted Answer

Unique DNA sequences, such as VNTRs

Question 15

Which of the following is a potential risk associated with transgenic organisms?

Accepted Answer

Triggering allergies in humans

Question 16

A patient with cystic fibrosis may benefit from gene therapy, which involves:

Accepted Answer

Replacing missing or defective genes with normal copies

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the action of a restriction enzyme producing sticky ends?

Accepted Answer

It cuts DNA at specific palindromic sequences, leaving overhanging ends

Question 18

Which technique would be most appropriate for diagnosing infection by detecting specific DNA or RNA molecules in a sample?

Accepted Answer

DNA microarray

Question 19

In the production of recombinant insulin, which step involves the use of restriction enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Cutting plasmid DNA and human insulin gene to create compatible ends

Question 20

Which of the following equations represents the synthesis of cDNA from an RNA template using reverse transcriptase?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{RNA} \xrightarrow{	ext{reverse transcriptase}} 	ext{cDNA}$$

Chapter 8: Recombinant DNA (rDNA) Technology – Principles, Tools, and Applications

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