Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the main difference between mitosis and meiosis in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis maintains the ploidy of the parent nucleus, while meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half.

Question 2

Which of the following eukaryotic groups is characterized by being unicellular, lacking a cell wall, and being motile by means of cilia, flagella, or pseudopods?

Accepted Answer

Protozoa

Question 3

A scientist observes a eukaryotic microorganism with cell walls composed of chitin, which absorbs nutrients from decaying organic matter. Which group does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Question 4

Which of the following is a significant ecological role of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Decomposing dead organisms and recycling nutrients

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the ploidy changes during the sexual life cycle of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Haploid cells fuse to form a diploid stage, which immediately undergoes meiosis to restore the haploid state.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about water molds is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are closely related to fungi but have cell walls made of cellulose.

Question 7

A patient presents with a fungal infection. Which of the following characteristics would you expect to find in the causative organism?

Accepted Answer

Chemoheterotrophic metabolism

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a method of asexual reproduction in fungi?

Accepted Answer

Formation of gametes

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why most algae are important to aquatic ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

They carry out oxygenic photosynthesis, producing oxygen and serving as the base of aquatic food webs.

Question 10

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of arthropod vectors in disease transmission?

Accepted Answer

They can transmit pathogens mechanically or biologically.

Question 11

A researcher is studying a microorganism that is a critical member of plankton, is unicellular, lacks a cell wall, and is motile. Which group does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Protozoa

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding the reproduction of algae?

Accepted Answer

Every cell in their sexual reproductive structures becomes a gamete.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the ploidy of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Most fungi, many algae, and some protozoa are haploid.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of crossing over during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

It increases genetic diversity by exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes.

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of yeast metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Many yeasts are facultative anaerobes.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct pairing of an arthropod vector and the class to which it belongs?

Accepted Answer

Tick – Arachnida

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why Phytophthora infestans is historically significant?

Accepted Answer

It caused the Irish potato famine by acting as a pathogen of crops.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about cytokinesis in eukaryotes is correct?

Accepted Answer

In some algae and fungi, cytokinesis is postponed or does not occur at all.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function or significance of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Carrying out oxygenic photosynthesis

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between mechanical and biological vectors?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical vectors transmit pathogens by direct contact, while biological vectors are required for the pathogen's life cycle.

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes in Microbiology

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