Question 1

Which of the following best explains why binary fission can result in chains of cocci in some bacterial species but clusters in others?

Accepted Answer

The planes in which the cells divide and whether the daughter cells remain attached after division

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a method of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Conjugation

Question 3

A microbiologist isolates a prokaryote from a hot spring that thrives at 85ºC and has no peptidoglycan in its cell wall. Which group does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Thermophilic archaea

Question 4

Which of the following statements about methanogens is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas into methane

Question 5

A patient presents with a severe infection after eating refrigerated deli meat. The causative agent is able to reproduce at low temperatures and survive inside phagocytic white blood cells. Which bacterium is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 6

Which of the following genera is responsible for producing most of the clinically important antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

Streptomyces

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the process by which methanogens produce methane?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$ + 4H_2 \rightarrow CH_4$ + 2H_2O}$$

Question 8

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of Mycoplasmas compared to other low G+C Gram-positive bacteria?

Accepted Answer

They lack a cell wall

Question 9

A scientist is studying a bacterium that is an obligate anaerobe, forms endospores, and produces a neurotoxin. Which genus does this bacterium most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Clostridium

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of Lactobacillus in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It inhibits the growth of pathogens and is used in food production

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of the cell membrane of archaea that distinguishes them from bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Presence of ether-linked lipids

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with a disease caused by a Gram-negative, intracellular pathogen that is transmitted by the bite of an arthropod. Which genus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Rickettsia

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why scientists once classified archaea as bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Both are prokaryotic and lack a nucleus

Question 14

Which of the following groups of bacteria is most likely to be found in the human digestive tract and can sometimes cause infections?

Accepted Answer

Bacteroides

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a bacterial genus and its associated disease?

Accepted Answer

Bacillus anthracis – anthrax

Question 16

Which of the following is a unique feature of the genus Agrobacterium that is important in biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

It transfers plasmids to plant cells, causing tumors

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the metabolic strategy of phototrophic bacteria?

Accepted Answer

They use light as an energy source and are autotrophic

Question 18

A Gram-negative bacterium is isolated from a patient with meningitis. It is known to inhabit mucous membranes of mammals. Which genus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Neisseria

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of the arrangement shown in the image of cocci dividing in multiple planes?

Accepted Answer

Staphylococci

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why Deinococcus is considered a deeply branching bacterium?

Accepted Answer

It is resistant to radiation and thought to resemble early forms of life

chapter 11

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