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Comprehensive Study Notes: Immunology, Virology, Bacterial Growth, and Antimicrobial Agents

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Introduction to Viruses

  • General Structure of Viruses
    04:47
  • Three Common Shapes of Viruses
    03:19
  • Enveloped vs. Non-Enveloped Viruses
    05:09

Animal Viruses: 3. Synthesis & Replication

  • Map of Lesson on Animal Virus Synthesis & Replication
    03:34
  • Types of RNA Virus Genomes
    10:46
  • Common Themes of All Virus Genomes
    02:58

Animal Viruses: RNA Virus Synthesis & Replication

  • Animal Viruses: RNA Virus Synthesis & Replication
    01:30
  • Replication of (+) Single Strand RNA (ssRNA) Viruses
    03:52
  • Replication of Double-Stranded RNA Viruses
    04:28

Animal Viruses: DNA Virus Synthesis & Replication

  • Animal Viruses: DNA Virus Synthesis & Replication
    01:10
  • Replication of Single-Stranded DNA (ssDNA) Viruses
    04:12
  • Replication of Double-Stranded DNA (dsDNA) Viruses
    03:58

Animal Viruses: Reverse-Transcribing Virus Synthesis & Replication

  • Animal Viruses: Reverse-Transcribing Virus Synthesis & Replication
    04:28

Introduction to Immunity

  • Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity
    05:52
  • Antigens & Antibodies
    02:58

Introduction to Innate Immunity

  • Introduction to Innate Immunity
    02:30
  • Map of Lesson on Innate Immunity
    06:42

Introduction to First-Line Defenses

  • Introduction to First-Line Defenses
    01:51
  • Map of the Lesson on First-Line Defenses
    01:35

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin

  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    01:28
  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    03:58

Introduction to Cells of the Immune System

  • Introduction to Cells of the Immune System
    03:21
  • Map of the Lesson on Cells of the Immune System
    06:08
  • Hematopoiesis
    02:33

Cells of the Immune System: Granulocytes

  • Granulocytes
    03:32
  • Neutrophils
    05:26
  • Basophils
    03:23

Cells of the Immune System: Agranulocytes

  • Monocytes
    07:16
  • Introduction to Lymphocytes
    03:51
  • Agranulocytes
    03:43

Introduction to Cell Communication

  • Introduction to Cell Communication
    02:59

Cell Communication: Cytokines

  • Cytokines
    02:58
  • Types of Cytokines
    06:08
  • Types of Interleukins
    02:14

Introduction to the Complement System

  • Map of the Lesson on the Complement System
    03:25
  • Introduction to the Complement System
    04:25
  • Proteins of the Complement System
    04:16

Effects of the Complement System

  • 1) Opsonization
    04:09
  • 2) Cell Lysis of Invading Microbes
    03:18
  • Effects of the Complement System
    01:32

Phagoctytosis

  • Steps of Phagocytosis
    08:57
  • Phagoctytosis
    02:19

Introduction to Inflammation

  • Types of Inflammatory Responses
    02:52
  • Introduction to Inflammation
    01:38
  • Chronic Inflammation
    03:09

Steps of the Inflammatory Response

  • 2) Release of Inflammatory Mediators & Other Cytokines
    02:15
  • Damaging Effects of the Inflammatory Response
    02:10
  • 3) Vasodilation
    02:39

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

  • Overview of Adaptive Immunity
    04:57
  • Primary vs. Secondary Lymphoid Organs
    04:58
  • Introduction to Adaptive Immunity
    05:47

Antigens

  • Free Antigens vs. Presented Antigens on APCs
    04:11
  • Antigens
    03:59

Introduction to T Lymphocytes

  • Cytotoxic T Cells vs. Helper T Cells
    05:58
  • T-Cell Receptors
    05:18
  • Naive T Cells Become Effector & Memory T Cells
    07:56

Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules

  • Classes of MHC Molecules
    07:17
  • Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
    02:31

Activation of T Lymphocytes

  • Activation of T Lymphocytes
    07:33
  • Comic Strip for T Cell Activation
    03:29

Functions of T Lymphocytes

  • Functions of Helper T Cells (TH):Activation of Macrophages
    05:18
  • Types of Helper T Cells (TH)
    03:19
  • Functions of Cytotoxic T Cells (Tc)
    06:21

Review of Cytotoxic vs Helper T Cells

  • Review of Cytotoxic vs Helper T Cells
    04:27
  • Comic Strip for T Cell Functions
    02:58

Introduction to B Lymphocytes

  • B cell Receptors
    04:37
  • Naive B cells Become Effector (Plasma) Cells & Memory Cells
    04:23
  • Introduction to B Lymphocytes
    03:55

Antibodies

  • Antibody Structure
    05:40
  • Antibody Diversity
    02:34
  • Antibodies
    00:48

Clonal Selection

  • Clonal Selection
    06:43

Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity

  • Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity
    06:59

Natural Killer Cells

  • Natural Killer Cells
    06:53

Microbial Growth Curves in a Closed System

  • Microbial Growth Curves in a Closed System
    08:59
  • Primary & Secondary Metabolites
    02:33

Measuring Growth by Direct Cell Counts

  • Types of Direct Cell Counting Instruments
    02:32
  • Direct Microscopic Cell Counts
    03:28

Measuring Growth by Plate Counts

  • Measuring Growth by Plate Counts
    07:16
  • Measuring Growth by Plate Counts
    01:36

Introduction to Controlling Microbial Growth

  • Terminology of Microbial Growth Control
    07:36
  • Hierarchy of Microbial Growth Control Terminology
    03:09
  • Situations Warranting Different Levels of Microbial Growth Control
    05:58

Introduction to Antimicrobial Drugs

  • Guided course
    History of Antimicrobial Drugs
    05:33

How Antimicrobial Drugs Work

  • Guided course
    Selective Toxicity
    05:27
  • Guided course
    How Antimicrobial Drugs Work Example 1
    03:28

Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin

  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin Example 3
    04:02
  • Guided course
    Other Beta-lactam Antibiotics
    04:51
  • Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin Example 2
    02:21

Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis

  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis
    05:25
  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis Example 1
    03:04

Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis

  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis Example 1
    02:21
  • Guided course
    Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis
    05:01

Competitive Inhibitors of Metabolic Pathways

  • Guided course
    Competitive Inhibitors of Metabolic Pathways Example 1
    02:36
  • Guided course
    Sulfa Drugs & Folic Acid Synthesis
    05:22

Antimicrobial Resistance

  • Guided course
    Types of Resistance Mechanisms
    05:04
  • Guided course
    Spread of Antibiotic Resistance
    04:45
  • Guided course
    Antibiotic Resistance
    03:45

Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration

  • Stages of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    02:32
  • Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    05:11
  • Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration Example 2
    01:53

Glycolysis

  • Phases of Glycolysis
    05:57
  • Glycolysis Example 1
    01:29
  • Remembering Phases of Glycolysis
    02:49

Pyruvate Oxidation

  • Pyruvate Oxidation
    04:38

Krebs Cycle

  • Krebs Cycle Example 1
    01:20
  • Krebs Cycle
    01:37
  • Phases of The Krebs Cycle
    09:54

Electron Transport Chain

  • Remembering the ETC
    04:43
  • Electron Transport Chain in Prokaryotes
    02:49
  • Electron Transport Chain
    07:41

Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

  • Lactic Acid Fermentation
    03:34
  • What Happens. to Aerobic Organisms if There's No Oxygen?
    07:51
  • Alcohol Fermentation
    02:02

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

  • Recap:Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
    04:26
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54