Question 1

Which of the following viruses is most commonly associated with the development of painless, elevated, solid rough growths known as 'common seed warts'?

Accepted Answer

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Question 2

A patient presents with deep warts on the soles of their feet. Which virus is most likely responsible for this condition, and what is the typical mode of transmission?

Accepted Answer

Human papillomavirus (HPV); direct contact or contaminated fomites

Question 3

Which HPV genotypes are most commonly associated with an increased risk of cancer in the reproductive system and head & neck?

Accepted Answer

HPV types 16 and 18

Question 4

What is the mechanism by which high-risk HPV strains contribute to carcinogenesis?

Accepted Answer

E6 binds and inhibits Rb, E7 targets p53 for degradation, disrupting cell cycle regulation

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the genome of papillomaviruses?

Accepted Answer

Circular double-stranded DNA

Question 6

A college student is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. Which virus is most likely responsible, and what is a characteristic laboratory finding?

Accepted Answer

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); lymphocytosis and large atypical lymphocytes

Question 7

Which of the following viruses is absolutely dependent upon host cell actively replicating and causes erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) in children?

Accepted Answer

Parvovirus B19

Question 8

A patient with sickle cell anemia contracts a viral infection that temporarily stops red blood cell production, leading to severe anemia. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Parvovirus B19

Question 9

Which virus is most commonly associated with the development of aggressive B cell malignancy known as Burkitt lymphoma in children from central Africa?

Accepted Answer

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Question 10

Which of the following statements about herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency is correct?

Accepted Answer

HSV remains latent in sensory neurons and can reactivate due to stress, fever, or injury

Question 11

A newborn is at risk for a potentially fatal infection if exposed to HSV during delivery. What is the recommended preventive measure if the mother has an active outbreak?

Accepted Answer

Delivery by C-section

Question 12

Which virus is known for causing chickenpox in primary infection and shingles upon reactivation?

Accepted Answer

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic histological finding in cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection?

Accepted Answer

Giant cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions ('owl's eye')

Question 14

Which virus is the only known zoonotic herpesvirus, causing severe CNS disease in humans after a bite or scratch from its natural host?

Accepted Answer

Herpes B virus (Simplexvirus of macaques)

Question 15

A patient presents with small, smooth pocks with a depressed center, primarily on the skin. Which virus is most likely responsible, and what is the typical outcome in immunocompetent individuals?

Accepted Answer

Molluscum contagiosum virus; immune system will clear infection in 6-12 months

Question 16

Which virus uses reverse transcriptase in its replication cycle and is the prototype for the Hepadnaviridae family?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B virus

Question 17

A patient develops necrosis and cirrhosis of the liver after chronic infection with a DNA virus. Which virus is most likely responsible, and what is a major long-term complication?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B virus; increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 18

Which of the following viruses is most likely to cause acute respiratory disease in children and is often found with other pathogens in respiratory samples?

Accepted Answer

Human bocavirus

Question 19

Which of the following is a major theme in the pathogenesis of DNA viruses that infect humans?

Accepted Answer

Many DNA viruses establish latency and can reactivate, leading to persistent or recurrent disease

DNA Viruses Infecting Humans: Structure, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Manifestations

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