Question 1

Which of the following characteristics is unique to the Hepadnaviridae family among DNA viruses?

Accepted Answer

They replicate through an RNA intermediary.

Question 2

A patient presents with a smooth, waxy papule on the trunk. The lesion heals without treatment in an immunocompetent individual. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Molluscipoxvirus

Question 3

Which of the following factors did NOT contribute to the eradication of smallpox?

Accepted Answer

The presence of animal reservoirs

Question 4

A laboratory image shows a cell with a large nucleus containing a dense inclusion, described as an 'owl’s eye' cell. This is diagnostic for infection with which virus?

Accepted Answer

Cytomegalovirus

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why chickenpox can later result in shingles?

Accepted Answer

The virus remains latent in nerve ganglia and can reactivate.

Question 6

A sexually active adult develops painful vesicular lesions on the genitals. Which virus is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Human herpesvirus 2 (HHV-2)

Question 7

Which of the following is a common route of transmission for adenoviruses causing conjunctivitis?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory droplets

Question 8

A child presents with a pink rash on the face, neck, trunk, and thighs, and is later diagnosed with roseola. Which virus is responsible?

Accepted Answer

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)

Question 9

Which of the following is a significant risk factor for the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) due to JC virus?

Accepted Answer

Immunodeficiency

Question 10

Which of the following statements about papillomavirus infections is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Genital warts are associated with an increased risk of cancer.

Question 11

A patient with hepatitis B is found to have jaundice and liver enlargement. Which of the following best explains the pathogenesis of these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation and damage to liver cells

Question 12

Which of the following is the primary method for diagnosing warts caused by papillomavirus?

Accepted Answer

Observation of papillomas

Question 13

Which of the following viruses is the only human pathogen with a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome?

Accepted Answer

Parvovirus B19

Question 14

A patient is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. Which cell type is primarily infected by the causative virus?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the transmission of smallpox virus?

Accepted Answer

Spread only by close contact between humans

Question 16

Which of the following is a reason why chickenpox is more severe in adults than in children?

Accepted Answer

Adults are more likely to develop complications such as pneumonia.

Question 17

Which of the following is a common complication of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunodeficient patients?

Accepted Answer

Vision loss due to CMV retinitis

Question 18

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of the Poxviridae family compared to other DNA viruses?

Accepted Answer

They have complex capsids and are the second largest viruses.

Question 19

A patient develops a rapidly spreading rash after exposure to sunlight. Laboratory testing reveals a ssDNA virus. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why health care workers should wear gloves when treating patients with herpesvirus lesions?

Accepted Answer

To reduce exposure to the virus through cuts or cracks in the skin

DNA Viruses: Structure, Classification, and Human Diseases

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