Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane, while prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus.

Question 2

Which supergroup of Eukarya includes organisms that are primarily autotrophic and descended from an ancestor that engulfed a cyanobacterium?

Accepted Answer

Archaeplastida

Question 3

A patient presents with oral thrush. Which eukaryotic microorganism is most likely responsible for this infection?

Accepted Answer

Candida albicans

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of cilia in Paramecium (SAR supergroup)?

Accepted Answer

Cilia are used for locomotion and feeding.

Question 5

Which of the following fungi is responsible for the production of the antibiotic penicillin?

Accepted Answer

Penicillium

Question 6

A scientist observes a unicellular organism with a feeding groove and multiple flagella under the microscope. To which supergroup does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Excavata

Question 7

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of fungi compared to protozoa?

Accepted Answer

Fungi have cell walls made of polysaccharides, while protozoa lack cell walls.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why Euglena is considered unique among protists?

Accepted Answer

It can switch between autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition depending on environmental conditions.

Question 9

A person develops African sleeping sickness after being bitten by a tsetse fly. Which protozoan is responsible for this disease?

Accepted Answer

Trypanosoma gambiense

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the cyst and trophozoite stages in protozoa is correct?

Accepted Answer

The cyst stage is the dormant, resistant stage, while the trophozoite stage is the actively feeding and growing stage.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the evolutionary origin of the SAR supergroup?

Accepted Answer

It evolved from a heterotroph engulfing a red algae.

Question 12

Which of the following is a real-world application of Saccharomyces cerevisiae?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation in bread, beer, and wine making

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why Penicillium is important in both medicine and food production?

Accepted Answer

It produces antibiotics and is used in the production of blue cheeses.

Question 14

Which of the following equations correctly represents the process of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic microorganisms such as yeast?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + Energy}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of Rhizopus in the environment?

Accepted Answer

It is a saprophytic mold that decomposes organic matter.

Question 16

Which of the following features is unique to eukaryotic cells and absent in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Question 17

A sample from a freshwater pond contains a unicellular organism that moves by extending pseudopodia. To which group does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Amoebidae (Unikonta supergroup)

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why Giardia lamblia is a concern for hikers and campers?

Accepted Answer

It causes a diarrheal illness when ingested from contaminated water sources.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the evolutionary history of eukaryotes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Archaeplastida members all descended from an ancestor that engulfed a cyanobacterium.

Eukaryotic Microorganisms: Structure, Classification, and Examples

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