Question 1

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-enclosed organelles, while eukaryotic cells possess them.

Question 2

A bacterium is observed to have a single polar flagellum. What is the correct term for this arrangement?

Accepted Answer

Monotrichous

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the genetic material in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

DNA is a single circular chromosome not associated with histones.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of the bacterial capsule?

Accepted Answer

Motility

Question 5

A scientist isolates a microorganism with a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan, no membrane-bound organelles, and a diameter of 1.5 μm. To which group does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 6

Which of the following arrangements describes flagella distributed over the entire surface of a bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

Peritrichous

Question 7

Which of the following is a spiral-shaped bacterium that is flexible?

Accepted Answer

Spirochete

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the glycocalyx is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A slime layer is an unorganized and loose form of glycocalyx.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bacterial shape and arrangement?

Accepted Answer

Staphylococci – spherical cells in grape-like clusters

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells but NOT prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles such as the Golgi complex

Question 11

A bacterium is described as pleomorphic. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

It can have more than one genetically controlled shape.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a basic shape of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Cuboidal

Question 13

Which of the following statements about bacterial flagella is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

The filament is composed of flagellin arranged in intertwining chains.

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the capsule in pathogenic bacteria?

Accepted Answer

It provides protection from phagocytosis.

Question 15

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of Archaea compared to Bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Archaea are prokaryotic microorganisms distinct from Bacteria.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a way that species of bacteria are differentiated?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the cell wall of prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

It is complex if present.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about bacterial reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria reproduce asexually by binary fission.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the glycocalyx in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Attachment to surfaces

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of a tetrad arrangement in cocci?

Accepted Answer

Cocci arranged in groups of four

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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