Question 1

Which structure in a typical bacterial cell is responsible for motility and is powered by the proton motive force?

Accepted Answer

Flagella

Question 2

A bacterial cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What is the most likely outcome for the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell's cytoplasm will shrink, a process called plasmolysis.

Question 3

Which of the following is unique to the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Wall teichoic acid

Question 4

What is the primary function of the bacterial capsule?

Accepted Answer

Protects against desiccation and enhances attachment to surfaces

Question 5

Which metric unit is equivalent to $$10^{-6}$$ meters?

Accepted Answer

Micrometer

Question 6

Which process involves the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 7

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic ribosomes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are 70S ribosomes.

Question 8

Which bacterial cell shape is described as rod-shaped?

Accepted Answer

Bacillus

Question 9

What is the main chemical component of the bacterial cell wall in most bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan

Question 10

Which structure is responsible for the selective permeability of the bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 11

A bacterial cell is exposed to penicillin. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Penicillin prevents cross-bridge formation in actively dividing Gram-positive cells.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the bacterial plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Contains enzymes for ATP production

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT found in the cell wall of Archaea?

Accepted Answer

N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)

Question 14

Which process requires a transporter protein and ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 15

Which bacterial structure is involved in the transfer of DNA from one cell to another?

Accepted Answer

Sex pili

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of phospholipids in the plasma membrane according to the fluid mosaic model?

Accepted Answer

Polar heads face outward, non-polar tails face the core of the bilayer

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of the presence of a bacterial capsule?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced resistance to phagocytosis by immune cells

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of bacterial inclusions?

Accepted Answer

Storage of nutrients such as phosphate or sulfur

Question 19

Which of the following statements about endospores is correct?

Accepted Answer

Endospores are resistant to desiccation, heat, and chemicals.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why Mycobacterium species grow slowly?

Accepted Answer

Their cell envelope contains mycolic acids and arabinogalactans, which hinder nutrient transport.

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic Cells: Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards