Question 1

Which structure is responsible for the selective permeability of a bacterial cell, allowing only certain molecules to pass through?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 2

A bacterial cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What is the most likely outcome for the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will shrink due to plasmolysis.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail

Question 4

What is the function of hopanoids in bacterial plasma membranes?

Accepted Answer

They decrease membrane permeability and stabilize the membrane.

Question 5

Which metric unit is most appropriate for measuring the diameter of a typical bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

Micrometer (µm)

Question 6

Which bacterial cell shape is described as rod-shaped?

Accepted Answer

Bacillus

Question 7

A bacterial cell with a thick peptidoglycan layer and no outer membrane is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Gram-positive

Question 8

Which process requires a transporter protein and ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 9

What is the main difference between facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion uses transporter proteins, while simple diffusion does not.

Question 10

Which structure in bacteria is responsible for motility?

Accepted Answer

Flagella

Question 11

A bacterial cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen if the cell wall is weak or damaged?

Accepted Answer

The cell will burst (osmotic lysis).

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT found in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 13

Which process is illustrated by the equation $$	ext{Glucose} + 	ext{PEP} ightarrow 	ext{Glucose-6-P} in $$bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Group translocation

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the bacterial plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

ATP production via electron transport chain

Question 15

Which bacterial cell shape is most likely to be found in clusters resembling grapes?

Accepted Answer

Staphylococcus

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids rotate and move laterally.

Question 17

Which bacterial structure is primarily involved in attachment to surfaces and other cells?

Accepted Answer

Fimbriae

Question 18

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have organelles, prokaryotes do not.

Question 19

Which process describes the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 20

Which bacterial cell shape is described as flexible and spiral-shaped?

Accepted Answer

Spirochete

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic Cells: Structure and Function

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