Question 1

Which of the following complement fragments is primarily responsible for inflammation during the immune response?

Accepted Answer

C5a

Question 2

Which type of interferon is most likely to be present late in an infection?

Accepted Answer

gamma interferon

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the epidermis that makes it an inhospitable environment for most microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

High permeability

Question 4

Which cell type is responsible for chemotaxis toward a pathogen during the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytes

Question 5

Which of the following is considered part of the first line of defense in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Epidermis

Question 6

What is the process called when wandering macrophages squeeze through the walls of blood vessels to reach infected tissues?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Question 7

Which of the following statements about monocytes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Monocytes are immature macrophages.

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of lysozyme in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Breaks down bacterial cell walls

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct description of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

A phagocyte's pseudopodia bind to complementary chemicals on a pathogen's surface

Question 10

A patient’s chart shows that eosinophils make up 8% of her white blood cells. What does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

She may have a parasitic infection or allergy.

Question 11

Which of the following is a major effect of complement protein C8 deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Impaired formation of the membrane attack complex

Question 12

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of reduced blood flow due to diabetes in the feet and toes?

Accepted Answer

Increased vulnerability to infection

Question 13

Pyrogens are chemicals that affect the hypothalamus and cause:

Accepted Answer

Resetting body temperature to a higher level

Question 14

Which of the following cells is a large agranulocyte involved in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Lymphocyte

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the classical complement cascade pathway?

Accepted Answer

$$C1 \rightarrow C4 \rightarrow C2 \rightarrow C3 \rightarrow C5 \rightarrow C6 \rightarrow C7 \rightarrow C8 \rightarrow C9$$

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of antimicrobial peptides?

Accepted Answer

Producing antibodies

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of chemotaxis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of phagocytes toward chemical signals from pathogens

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible effect of taking fever-reducing drugs during an infection?

Accepted Answer

Reduced ability to fight infection

Question 19

Which of the following cells is most likely to be observed in large numbers in pus during a late stage of infection?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of diapedesis?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytes squeezing through blood vessel walls

Innate Immunity and Host Defenses – Microbiology Study Guidance

Study Guide - Practice Questions