Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a phase of bacterial pathogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial pathogens are destroyed by neutrophils and macrophages of the immune system.

Question 2

Why is wearing a mask effective in reducing the spread of respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2?

Accepted Answer

A and B.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about adhesin molecules is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Adhesin molecules are receptors on the host cell’s surface that allows pathogens to enter the cell.

Question 4

The process by which infectious agents are ingested by host cells is termed:

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a method bacterial pathogens use to invade host cells?

Accepted Answer

Pathogens break apart outside of the cell, are phagocytosed, then reassemble once within the host cell.

Question 6

A patient with damage in their lungs, vertebrae, and CNS caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria is experiencing what type of infection?

Accepted Answer

Focal infection.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of phospholipases?

Accepted Answer

Are able to form pores in the cell membranes of host cells.

Question 8

The term 'endotoxin' is synonymous with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Question 9

Which of the following best describes an A-B toxin?

Accepted Answer

A toxin with an active (A) subunit and a binding (B) subunit, where the B subunit binds to the host cell and the A subunit causes toxic effects.

Question 10

Which of the following is the dangerous portion of the endotoxin during bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

Lipid-A.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a major difference between exotoxins and endotoxins?

Accepted Answer

Endotoxins are made by viruses while exotoxins are made by bacteria.

Question 12

Which of the following is a mechanism by which bacteria avoid being destroyed by phagocytes?

Accepted Answer

Production of C5a peptidase to degrade the chemoattractant C5a.

Question 13

Why do some pathogens produce capsules?

Accepted Answer

To prevent C3b from binding and triggering opsonization.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism pathogens use to survive inside phagocytic cells?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the rate of phagosome-lysosome fusion.

Question 15

Why do we need to get a new flu vaccine every year?

Accepted Answer

All of the above.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a way viruses evade the host immune response?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the expression of MHC I molecules on the host cell surface.

Question 17

A virus that causes the infected host cell to express and present 'fake' MHC I molecules on its surface is evading detection from which host immune cells?

Accepted Answer

NK cells.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the damaging effects of inflammation is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation can cause significant harm if it occurs in delicate tissues such as the brain.

Question 19

Which of the following is a reason why mucous membranes need extra protection against pathogens?

Accepted Answer

B and D.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism that pathogens use to avoid the effects of antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of IgG protease.

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity: Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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