Question 1

Which of the following molecules from the first image is a hydrocarbon?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

Which structural variation of carbon backbones is illustrated by the lower left panel in the second image (showing a branch point)?

Accepted Answer

Variation in branch points

Question 3

Which functional group is shown in box 6 of the third image?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group

Question 4

The molecule in the fourth image is an example of which biomolecule monomer?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the chemical formula for a simple carbohydrate, as shown in the images?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$

Question 6

Which process, depicted in the images, links monomers together to form polymers and releases water?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 7

Which type of bond is formed between monosaccharides to create polysaccharides, as shown in the images?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic bond

Question 8

According to the images, which polysaccharide provides structural support in plant cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 9

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids, as shown in the diagrams?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl and amino groups

Question 10

What is the term for a chain of more than 50 covalently linked amino acids, as shown in the table?

Accepted Answer

Polypeptide

Question 11

Which level of protein structure is determined by the sequence of amino acids, as shown in the images?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 12

Which process is responsible for breaking down polymers into monomers by adding water, as shown in the diagrams?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 13

Which of the following is a component of all nucleotides, as shown in the nucleotide diagrams?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group

Question 14

Which nitrogenous bases are classified as purines, according to the nitrogenous base chart?

Accepted Answer

Adenine and guanine

Question 15

Which type of bond links nucleotides together in a nucleic acid polymer, as shown in the phosphodiester bond formation image?

Accepted Answer

Phosphodiester bond

Question 16

Which of the following statements about DNA structure is supported by the images?

Accepted Answer

The nucleic acid strands in a DNA molecule are oriented antiparallel to each other.

Question 17

Which type of fatty acid contains only single bonds between carbon atoms, as shown in the fatty acid images?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acid

Question 18

A triglyceride is composed of which components, as shown in the triglyceride synthesis image?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 19

How do phospholipids interact with water molecules, as shown in the phospholipid image?

Accepted Answer

The polar heads interact with water; the nonpolar tails do not.

Question 20

Which molecule is characterized by four fused carbon rings, as shown in the steroid image?

Accepted Answer

Steroid

Molecules of Microbiology: Structure, Function, and Classification of Biomolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions